185 lines
4.8 KiB
Groff
185 lines
4.8 KiB
Groff
.\" $OpenBSD: chflags.1,v 1.19 2019/09/02 21:18:41 deraadt Exp $
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.\" $NetBSD: chflags.1,v 1.4 1995/08/31 22:50:22 jtc Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1993, 1994
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)chflags.1 8.4 (Berkeley) 5/2/95
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.\"
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.Dd $Mdocdate: September 2 2019 $
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.Dt CHFLAGS 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm chflags
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.Nd change file flags
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm chflags
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.Op Fl h
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.Oo
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.Fl R
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.Op Fl H | L | P
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.Oc
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.Ar flags
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.Ar
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility modifies the file flags of the listed files
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as specified by the
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.Ar flags
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operand.
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The
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.Ar flags
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of a file dictate special restrictions beyond those enforced by its
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mode/permissions.
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Only the superuser can change the user flags on block and
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character devices.
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.Pp
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You can use
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.Sy ls Fl lo
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to see the flags of existing files.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl H
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If the
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.Fl R
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option is also specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed.
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Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.
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.It Fl h
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Treat symbolic links like other files: modify links instead of
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following them.
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The
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.Fl h
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and
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.Fl R
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options are mutually exclusive.
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.It Fl L
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If the
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.Fl R
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option is also specified, all symbolic links are followed.
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.It Fl P
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If the
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.Fl R
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option is also specified, no symbolic links are followed.
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.It Fl R
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Recurse.
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Where
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.Ar file
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is a directory,
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change the flags of the directory and all the files and directories
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in the file hierarchy below it.
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.El
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.Pp
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Flags are a comma separated list of keywords.
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The following keywords are currently defined:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "nodump" -compact -offset indent
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.It Cm arch
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set the archived flag (superuser only)
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.It Cm nodump
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set the nodump flag (owner or superuser only)
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.It Cm sappnd
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set the system append-only flag (superuser only)
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.It Cm schg
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set the system immutable flag (superuser only)
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.It Cm uappnd
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set the user append-only flag (owner or superuser only)
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.It Cm uchg
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set the user immutable flag (owner or superuser only)
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Cm arch
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flag is for compatibility only,
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and currently has no effect.
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.Pp
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A file with the
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.Cm nodump
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flag set will by default only be backed up by
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.Xr dump 8
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during full backups.
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The
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.Fl h
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option of
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.Xr dump 8
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can be used to alter this.
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.Pp
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An immutable file may not be changed, moved, or deleted.
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An append-only file is immutable except that data may be appended to it.
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.Pp
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The
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superuser-settable
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.Cm sappnd
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and
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.Cm schg
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flags can be set at any time, but may only be cleared when the system is
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running at security level 0 or \-1
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(insecure or permanently insecure mode, respectively).
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For more information on setting the system security level,
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see
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.Xr securelevel 7 .
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.Pp
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Putting the letters
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.Cm no
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before a flag name causes the flag to be turned off.
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For example:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "nouchg" -compact -offset indent
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.It Cm nouchg
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the immutable bit should be cleared
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Fl H ,
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.Fl L ,
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and
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.Fl P
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options are ignored unless the
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.Fl R
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option is specified.
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In addition, these options override each other and the
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command's actions are determined by the last one specified.
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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.Ex -std chflags
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr ls 1 ,
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.Xr chflags 2 ,
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.Xr stat 2 ,
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.Xr fts_open 3 ,
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.Xr securelevel 7 ,
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.Xr symlink 7 ,
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.Xr dump 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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command first appeared in
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.Bx 4.4 .
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