718 lines
19 KiB
Groff
718 lines
19 KiB
Groff
.\" $OpenBSD: ps.1,v 1.134 2024/02/03 18:51:57 beck Exp $
|
|
.\" $NetBSD: ps.1,v 1.16 1996/03/21 01:36:28 jtc Exp $
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
|
|
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" @(#)ps.1 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/18/94
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd $Mdocdate: February 3 2024 $
|
|
.Dt PS 1
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm ps
|
|
.Nd display process status
|
|
.Sh SYNOPSIS
|
|
.Nm ps
|
|
.Sm off
|
|
.Op Oo Fl Oc Cm AacefHhjkLlmrSTuvwx
|
|
.Sm on
|
|
.Op Fl M Ar core
|
|
.Op Fl N Ar system
|
|
.Op Fl O Ar fmt
|
|
.Op Fl o Ar fmt
|
|
.Op Fl p Ar pid
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar tty
|
|
.Op Fl U Ar user
|
|
.Op Fl W Ar swap
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility displays information about active processes.
|
|
When given no options,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
prints information about processes of the current user that have a
|
|
controlling terminal.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The information displayed is selected based on a set of keywords (and for
|
|
even more control, see the
|
|
.Fl L ,
|
|
.Fl O ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl o
|
|
options).
|
|
The default output format includes, for each process, the process's ID,
|
|
controlling terminal, state, CPU time (including both user and system time),
|
|
and associated command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The options are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Fl A
|
|
Display information about processes for all users,
|
|
including those without controlling terminals.
|
|
.It Fl a
|
|
Display information about processes for all users with controlling terminals.
|
|
.It Fl c
|
|
Do not display full command with arguments, but only the
|
|
executable name.
|
|
This may be somewhat confusing; for example, all
|
|
.Xr sh 1
|
|
scripts will show as
|
|
.Dq sh .
|
|
.It Fl e
|
|
Display the environment as well.
|
|
.It Fl f
|
|
Arrange processes into a tree.
|
|
Each command is ordered and prefixed with indentation text
|
|
showing sibling and parent/child relationships.
|
|
If either of the
|
|
.Fl m
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
options are also used, they control how sibling processes are sorted relative
|
|
to each other.
|
|
.It Fl H
|
|
Also display information about kernel visible threads.
|
|
.It Fl h
|
|
Repeat the information header as often as necessary to guarantee one
|
|
header per page of information.
|
|
.It Fl j
|
|
Print information associated with the following keywords:
|
|
user, pid, ppid, pgid, sess, jobc, state, tt, time, and command.
|
|
.It Fl k
|
|
Also display information about kernel threads.
|
|
.It Fl L
|
|
List the set of available keywords.
|
|
This option should not be specified with other options.
|
|
.It Fl l
|
|
Display information associated with the following keywords:
|
|
uid, pid, ppid, cpu, pri, nice, vsz, rss, wchan, state, tt, time,
|
|
and command.
|
|
.It Fl M Ar core
|
|
Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core
|
|
instead of the running kernel.
|
|
.It Fl m
|
|
Sort by memory usage, instead of by start time ID.
|
|
.It Fl N Ar system
|
|
Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the running kernel.
|
|
.It Fl O Ar fmt
|
|
Add the information associated with the space or comma separated list
|
|
of keywords specified, after the process ID,
|
|
in the default information
|
|
display.
|
|
Keywords may be appended with an equals sign
|
|
.Pq Sq =
|
|
and a string.
|
|
This causes the printed header to use the specified string instead of
|
|
the standard header.
|
|
.It Fl o Ar fmt
|
|
Display information associated with the space or comma separated list
|
|
of keywords specified.
|
|
Keywords may be appended with an equals sign
|
|
.Pq Sq =
|
|
and a string.
|
|
This causes the printed header to use the specified string instead of
|
|
the standard header.
|
|
.It Fl p Ar pid
|
|
Display information associated with the specified process ID.
|
|
.It Fl r
|
|
Sort by current CPU usage, instead of by start time ID.
|
|
.It Fl S
|
|
Change the way the process time is calculated by summing all exited
|
|
children to their parent process.
|
|
.It Fl T
|
|
Display information about processes attached to the device associated
|
|
with the standard input.
|
|
.It Fl t Ar tty
|
|
Display information about processes attached to the specified terminal
|
|
device.
|
|
.It Fl U Ar user
|
|
Only display processes belonging to username or UID
|
|
.Ar user .
|
|
.It Fl u
|
|
Display information associated with the following keywords:
|
|
user, pid, %cpu, %mem, vsz, rss, tt, state, start, time, and command.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl u
|
|
option implies the
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Fl v
|
|
Display information associated with the following keywords:
|
|
pid, state, time, sl, re, pagein, vsz, rss, lim, tsiz,
|
|
%cpu, %mem, and command.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl v
|
|
option implies the
|
|
.Fl m
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Fl W Ar swap
|
|
When not using the running kernel,
|
|
extract swap information from the specified file.
|
|
.It Fl w
|
|
Use 132 columns to display information, instead of the default, which
|
|
is the window size.
|
|
If the
|
|
.Fl w
|
|
option is specified more than once,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will use as many columns as necessary without regard for window size.
|
|
.It Fl x
|
|
Display information about processes without controlling terminals.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh KEYWORDS
|
|
The following is a complete list of the available keywords
|
|
and their meanings.
|
|
Several of them have aliases,
|
|
which are also noted.
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "sigignoreXX" -offset 3n
|
|
.It Cm %cpu
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm pcpu .
|
|
The CPU utilization of the process; this is a decaying average over up to
|
|
a minute of previous (real) time.
|
|
Since the time base over which this is computed varies (since processes may
|
|
be very young), it is possible for the sum of all
|
|
.Cm %cpu
|
|
fields to exceed 100%.
|
|
.It Cm %mem
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm pmem .
|
|
The percentage of real memory used by this process.
|
|
.It Cm acflag
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm acflg .
|
|
Accounting flag.
|
|
.It Cm command
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm args .
|
|
Command and arguments.
|
|
.It Cm cpu
|
|
Short-term CPU usage factor (for scheduling).
|
|
.It Cm cpuid
|
|
CPU ID (zero on single processor systems).
|
|
.It Cm cwd
|
|
Current working directory.
|
|
.It Cm dsiz
|
|
Data size, in Kilobytes.
|
|
.It Cm etime
|
|
Elapsed time since the process was started.
|
|
.It Cm flags
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm f .
|
|
The thread flags (in hexadecimal), as defined in the include file
|
|
.In sys/proc.h :
|
|
.Bd -literal
|
|
P_INKTR 0x1 writing ktrace(2) record
|
|
P_PROFPEND 0x2 this thread needs SIGPROF
|
|
P_ALRMPEND 0x4 this thread needs SIGVTALRM
|
|
P_SIGSUSPEND 0x8 need to restore before-suspend mask
|
|
P_CANTSLEEP 0x10 this thread is not permitted to sleep
|
|
P_SINTR 0x80 sleep is interruptible
|
|
P_SYSTEM 0x200 system process: no sigs, stats, or
|
|
swapping
|
|
P_TIMEOUT 0x400 timing out during sleep
|
|
P_WEXIT 0x2000 working on exiting
|
|
P_OWEUPC 0x8000 profiling sample needs recording
|
|
P_SUSPSINGLE 0x80000 need to suspend for single threading
|
|
P_CONTINUED 0x800000 thread has continued after a stop
|
|
P_THREAD 0x4000000 not the original thread
|
|
P_SUSPSIG 0x8000000 stopped because of a signal
|
|
P_CPUPEG 0x40000000 do not move to another cpu
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.It Cm gid
|
|
Effective group.
|
|
.It Cm group
|
|
Text name of effective group ID.
|
|
.It Cm inblk
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm inblock .
|
|
Total blocks read.
|
|
.It Cm jobc
|
|
Job control count.
|
|
.It Cm ktrace
|
|
Tracing flags.
|
|
.It Cm ktracep
|
|
Tracing vnode.
|
|
.It Cm lim
|
|
The soft limit on memory used, specified via a call to
|
|
.Xr setrlimit 2 .
|
|
.It Cm logname
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm login .
|
|
Login name of user who started the process.
|
|
.It Cm lstart
|
|
The exact time the command started, using the
|
|
.Dq %c
|
|
format described in
|
|
.Xr strftime 3 .
|
|
.It Cm majflt
|
|
Total page faults.
|
|
.It Cm maxrss
|
|
Maximum resident set size (in 1024 byte units).
|
|
.It Cm minflt
|
|
Total page reclaims.
|
|
.It Cm msgrcv
|
|
Total messages received (reads from pipes/sockets).
|
|
.It Cm msgsnd
|
|
Total messages sent (writes on pipes/sockets).
|
|
.It Cm nice
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm ni .
|
|
The process scheduling increment (see
|
|
.Xr setpriority 2 ) .
|
|
.It Cm nivcsw
|
|
Total involuntary context switches.
|
|
.It Cm nsigs
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm nsignals .
|
|
Total signals taken.
|
|
.It Cm nswap
|
|
Total swaps in/out.
|
|
.It Cm nvcsw
|
|
Total voluntary context switches.
|
|
.It Cm nwchan
|
|
Wait channel (as an address).
|
|
.It Cm oublk
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm oublock .
|
|
Total blocks written.
|
|
.It Cm p_ru
|
|
Resource usage (valid only for zombie processes).
|
|
.It Cm paddr
|
|
Swap address.
|
|
.It Cm pagein
|
|
Pageins (same as
|
|
.Cm majflt ) .
|
|
.It Cm pgid
|
|
Process group number.
|
|
.It Cm pid
|
|
Process ID.
|
|
.It Cm pledge
|
|
Comma separated list of active
|
|
.Xr pledge 2
|
|
promises.
|
|
.It Cm ppid
|
|
Parent process ID.
|
|
.It Cm pri
|
|
Scheduling priority.
|
|
.It Cm procflags
|
|
The process flags (in hexadecimal), as defined in the include file
|
|
.In sys/proc.h :
|
|
.Bd -literal
|
|
PS_CONTROLT 0x1 process has a controlling
|
|
terminal
|
|
PS_EXEC 0x2 process called exec(3)
|
|
PS_INEXEC 0x4 process is doing an exec right
|
|
now
|
|
PS_EXITING 0x8 process is exiting
|
|
PS_SUGID 0x10 process had set ID privileges
|
|
since last exec
|
|
PS_SUGIDEXEC 0x20 last exec(3) was set[ug]id
|
|
PS_PPWAIT 0x40 parent is waiting for process
|
|
to exec/exit
|
|
PS_ISPWAIT 0x80 process is parent of PPWAIT
|
|
child
|
|
PS_PROFIL 0x100 process has started profiling
|
|
PS_TRACED 0x200 process is being traced
|
|
PS_WAITED 0x400 debugging process has waited
|
|
for child
|
|
PS_COREDUMP 0x800 busy coredumping
|
|
PS_SINGLEEXIT 0x1000 other threads must die
|
|
PS_SINGLEUNWIND 0x2000 other threads must unwind
|
|
PS_NOZOMBIE 0x4000 pid 1 waits for me instead of
|
|
dad
|
|
PS_STOPPED 0x8000 just stopped, need to send
|
|
SIGCHLD
|
|
PS_SYSTEM 0x10000 No signals, stats or swapping
|
|
PS_EMBRYO 0x20000 New process, not yet fledged
|
|
PS_ZOMBIE 0x40000 Dead and ready to be waited for
|
|
PS_NOBROADCASTKILL 0x80000 Process excluded from kill -1
|
|
PS_PLEDGE 0x100000 process has called pledge(2)
|
|
PS_WXNEEDED 0x00200000 process allowed to violate W^X
|
|
PS_EXECPLEDGE 0x00400000 has exec pledges
|
|
PS_ORPHAN 0x00800000 process is on an orphan list
|
|
PS_CHROOT 0x01000000 process is chrooted
|
|
PS_NOBTCFI 0x02000000 no Branch Target CFI
|
|
PS_PIN 0x08000000 ld.so or static executable that
|
|
has syscalls pinned
|
|
PS_LIBCPIN 0x10000000 libc.so has syscalls pinned
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.It Cm re
|
|
Core residency time (in seconds; 127 = infinity).
|
|
.It Cm rgid
|
|
Real group ID.
|
|
.It Cm rgroup
|
|
Text name of real group ID.
|
|
.It Cm rlink
|
|
Reverse link on run queue, or 0.
|
|
.It Cm rss
|
|
The real memory (resident set) size of the process (in 1024 byte units).
|
|
.It Cm rsz
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm rssize .
|
|
Resident set size + (text size / text use count).
|
|
.It Cm rtable
|
|
Routing table.
|
|
.It Cm ruid
|
|
Real user ID.
|
|
.It Cm ruser
|
|
User name (from
|
|
.Cm ruid ) .
|
|
.It Cm sess
|
|
Session pointer.
|
|
.It Cm sig
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm pending .
|
|
Pending signals.
|
|
.It Cm sigcatch
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm caught .
|
|
Caught signals.
|
|
.It Cm sigignore
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm ignored .
|
|
Ignored signals.
|
|
.It Cm sigmask
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm blocked .
|
|
Blocked signals.
|
|
.It Cm sl
|
|
Sleep time (in seconds; 127 = infinity).
|
|
.It Cm ssiz
|
|
Stack size, in Kilobytes.
|
|
.It Cm start
|
|
The time the command started.
|
|
If the command started less than 24 hours ago, the start time is
|
|
displayed using the
|
|
.Dq %l:%M%p
|
|
format described in
|
|
.Xr strftime 3 .
|
|
If the command started less than 7 days ago, the start time is
|
|
displayed using the
|
|
.Dq %a%I%p
|
|
format.
|
|
Otherwise, the start time is displayed using the
|
|
.Dq %e%b%y
|
|
format.
|
|
.It Cm state
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm stat .
|
|
The state is given by a sequence of letters, for example,
|
|
.Dq RWN .
|
|
The first letter indicates the run state of the process:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
|
|
.It D
|
|
Marks a process in disk (or other short term, uninterruptible) wait.
|
|
.It I
|
|
Marks a process that is idle (sleeping for longer than about 20 seconds).
|
|
.It R
|
|
Marks a runnable process.
|
|
.It S
|
|
Marks a process that is sleeping for less than about 20 seconds.
|
|
.It T
|
|
Marks a stopped process.
|
|
.It Z
|
|
Marks a dead process (a
|
|
.Dq zombie ) .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Additional characters after these, if any, indicate additional state
|
|
information:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
|
|
.It +
|
|
The process is in the foreground process group of its controlling
|
|
terminal.
|
|
.It \*(Lt
|
|
The process has a raised CPU
|
|
scheduling priority (see
|
|
.Xr setpriority 2 ) .
|
|
.It \*(Gt
|
|
The process has specified a soft limit on memory requirements and is
|
|
currently exceeding that limit; such a process is (necessarily) not
|
|
swapped.
|
|
.\" .It A
|
|
.\" the process has asked for random page replacement
|
|
.\" .Pf ( Dv MADV_RANDOM ,
|
|
.\" from
|
|
.\" .Xr madvise 2 ,
|
|
.\" for example,
|
|
.\" .Xr lisp 1
|
|
.\" in a garbage collect).
|
|
.It c
|
|
The process is chrooted.
|
|
.It E
|
|
The process is trying to exit.
|
|
.It K
|
|
The process is a kernel thread.
|
|
.It N
|
|
The process has a reduced CPU
|
|
scheduling priority.
|
|
.It p
|
|
The process has called
|
|
.Xr pledge 2 .
|
|
.\" .It S
|
|
.\" The process has asked for FIFO
|
|
.\" page replacement
|
|
.\" .Pf ( Dv MADV_SEQUENTIAL ,
|
|
.\" from
|
|
.\" .Xr madvise 2 ,
|
|
.\" for example, a large image processing program using virtual memory to
|
|
.\" sequentially address voluminous data).
|
|
.It s
|
|
The process is a session leader.
|
|
.It U
|
|
The process has unveiled, and
|
|
.Xr unveil 2
|
|
is now locked.
|
|
.It u
|
|
The process has unveiled, but not yet locked
|
|
.Xr unveil 2
|
|
(could be a program error).
|
|
.It V
|
|
The process is suspended during a
|
|
.Xr vfork 2 .
|
|
.It X
|
|
The process is being traced or debugged.
|
|
.It / Ns Ar n
|
|
On multiprocessor machines, specifies processor number
|
|
.Ar n .
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Cm supgid
|
|
Group IDs of supplementary groups.
|
|
.It Cm supgrp
|
|
Group names of supplementary groups.
|
|
.It Cm svgid
|
|
Saved GID from a setgid executable.
|
|
.It Cm svuid
|
|
Saved UID from a setuid executable.
|
|
.It Cm tdev
|
|
Controlling terminal device number.
|
|
.It Cm tid
|
|
Thread ID.
|
|
Used together with
|
|
.Fl H .
|
|
.It Cm time
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm cputime .
|
|
Accumulated CPU time, user + system.
|
|
.It Cm tpgid
|
|
Controlling terminal process group ID.
|
|
.\".It trss
|
|
.\"Text resident set size, in Kilobytes.
|
|
.It Cm tsess
|
|
Controlling terminal session pointer.
|
|
.It Cm tsiz
|
|
Text size, in Kilobytes.
|
|
.It Cm tt
|
|
An abbreviation for the pathname of the controlling terminal, if any.
|
|
The abbreviation consists of the two letters following
|
|
.Dq /dev/tty ,
|
|
or, for the console,
|
|
.Dq co .
|
|
This is followed by a
|
|
.Sq -
|
|
if the process can no longer reach that
|
|
controlling terminal (i.e. it has been revoked).
|
|
.It Cm tty
|
|
Full name of controlling terminal.
|
|
.It Cm ucomm
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm comm .
|
|
Name to be used for accounting.
|
|
.It Cm uid
|
|
Effective user ID.
|
|
.It Cm upr
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm usrpri .
|
|
Scheduling priority on return from system call.
|
|
.It Cm user
|
|
User name (from
|
|
.Cm uid ) .
|
|
.It Cm vsz
|
|
Alias:
|
|
.Cm vsize .
|
|
Virtual size, in Kilobytes.
|
|
.It Cm wchan
|
|
The event (an address in the system) on which a process waits.
|
|
When printed numerically, the initial part of the address is
|
|
trimmed off and the result is printed in hex; for example, 0x80324000 prints
|
|
as 324000.
|
|
.It Cm xstat
|
|
Exit or stop status (valid only for stopped or zombie process).
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
|
|
The following environment variables affect the execution of
|
|
.Nm :
|
|
.Bl -tag -width LC_CTYPE
|
|
.It Ev COLUMNS
|
|
If set to a positive integer,
|
|
output is formatted to the given width in columns.
|
|
Otherwise,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
defaults to the terminal width minus 1.
|
|
If none of
|
|
.Dv stdout ,
|
|
.Dv stderr ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Dv stdin
|
|
are a terminal,
|
|
79 columns are used.
|
|
.It Ev LC_CTYPE
|
|
The character encoding
|
|
.Xr locale 1 .
|
|
It decides which byte sequences form characters,
|
|
which characters are printable, and what their display width is.
|
|
If unset or set to
|
|
.Qq C ,
|
|
.Qq POSIX ,
|
|
or an unsupported value, only printable ASCII characters are printed.
|
|
Tabs, newlines, non-printable ASCII characters, and non-ASCII bytes
|
|
are encoded with
|
|
.Xr vis 3 .
|
|
If UTF-8 output is enabled, valid characters that are not printable
|
|
are replaced with the Unicode replacement character U+FFFD.
|
|
These rules for example apply to command names, arguments, and
|
|
environments and to directory, user, and group names.
|
|
.It Ev TZ
|
|
The time zone to use when displaying dates.
|
|
See
|
|
.Xr environ 7
|
|
for more information.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "/var/db/kvm_bsd.dbXXX" -compact
|
|
.It Pa /dev
|
|
special files and device names
|
|
.It Pa /var/db/kvm_bsd.db
|
|
system namelist database
|
|
.It Pa /var/run/dev.db
|
|
.Pa /dev
|
|
name database
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh EXIT STATUS
|
|
.Ex -std ps
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
Display information on all system processes:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ ps -auxw
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr fstat 1 ,
|
|
.Xr kill 1 ,
|
|
.Xr netstat 1 ,
|
|
.Xr pgrep 1 ,
|
|
.Xr pkill 1 ,
|
|
.Xr procmap 1 ,
|
|
.Xr systat 1 ,
|
|
.Xr top 1 ,
|
|
.Xr w 1 ,
|
|
.Xr kvm 3 ,
|
|
.Xr strftime 3 ,
|
|
.Xr dev_mkdb 8 ,
|
|
.Xr iostat 8 ,
|
|
.Xr pstat 8 ,
|
|
.Xr vmstat 8
|
|
.Sh STANDARDS
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
utility is compliant with the
|
|
.St -p1003.1-2008
|
|
specification,
|
|
except that the flag
|
|
.Op Fl G
|
|
is unsupported and
|
|
the flags
|
|
.Op Fl ptU
|
|
support only single arguments, not lists.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The flags
|
|
.Op Fl defglnu
|
|
are marked by
|
|
.St -p1003.1-2008
|
|
as being an X/Open System Interfaces option.
|
|
Of these,
|
|
.Op Fl dfgn
|
|
are not supported by this implementation of
|
|
.Nm ;
|
|
behaviour for the flags
|
|
.Op Fl elu
|
|
differs between this implementation and the
|
|
X/Open System Interfaces option of
|
|
.St -p1003.1-2008 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The flags
|
|
.Op Fl cfHhjkLMmNOrSTvWwx
|
|
are extensions to
|
|
.St -p1003.1-2008 .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Only the following keywords are recognised by
|
|
.St -p1003.1-2008 :
|
|
.Cm args ,
|
|
.Cm comm ,
|
|
.Cm etime ,
|
|
.Cm group ,
|
|
.Cm nice ,
|
|
.Cm pcpu ,
|
|
.Cm pgid ,
|
|
.Cm pid ,
|
|
.Cm ppid ,
|
|
.Cm rgroup ,
|
|
.Cm ruser ,
|
|
.Cm time ,
|
|
.Cm tty ,
|
|
.Cm user ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Cm vsz .
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
A
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command first appeared in
|
|
.At v3 .
|
|
.Sh CAVEATS
|
|
When printing using the
|
|
.Cm command
|
|
keyword, a process that has exited and
|
|
has a parent that has not yet waited for the process (in other words, a zombie)
|
|
is listed as
|
|
.Dq Aq defunct ,
|
|
and a process which is blocked while trying
|
|
to exit is listed as
|
|
.Dq Aq exiting .
|
|
.Nm
|
|
makes an educated guess as to the file name and arguments given when the
|
|
process was created by examining memory or the swap area.
|
|
The method is inherently somewhat unreliable and in any event a process
|
|
is entitled to destroy this information, so the names cannot be depended
|
|
on too much.
|
|
The
|
|
.Cm ucomm
|
|
(accounting) keyword can, however, be depended on.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The information displayed is only a snapshot of a constantly changing system.
|