186 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
186 lines
5.2 KiB
Groff
.\" $OpenBSD: rm.1,v 1.44 2019/09/02 21:18:41 deraadt Exp $
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.\" $NetBSD: rm.1,v 1.8 1995/07/25 19:37:30 jtc Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
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.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)rm.1 8.5 (Berkeley) 12/5/94
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.\"
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.Dd $Mdocdate: September 2 2019 $
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.Dt RM 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm rm
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.Nd remove directory entries
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm rm
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.Op Fl dfiPRrv
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.Ar
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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utility attempts to remove the non-directory type files specified on the
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command line.
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If the permissions of the file do not permit writing, and the standard
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input device is a terminal, the user is prompted (on the standard error
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output) for confirmation.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl d
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Attempt to remove directories as well as other types of files.
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.It Fl f
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Attempt to remove the files without prompting for confirmation,
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regardless of the file's permissions.
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If the file does not exist, do not display a diagnostic message or modify
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the exit status to reflect an error.
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The
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.Fl f
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option overrides any previous
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.Fl i
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options.
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.It Fl i
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Request confirmation before attempting to remove each file, regardless of
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the file's permissions, or whether or not the standard input device is a
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terminal.
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The
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.Fl i
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option overrides any previous
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.Fl f
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options.
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.It Fl P
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Attempt to overwrite regular writable files before deleting them.
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Files are overwritten once with a random pattern.
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Files with multiple links will be unlinked but not overwritten.
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.It Fl R
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Attempt to remove the file hierarchy rooted in each file argument.
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The
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.Fl R
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option implies the
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.Fl d
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option.
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If the
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.Fl i
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option is specified, the user is prompted for confirmation before
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each directory (and its contents) are processed.
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If the user does not respond affirmatively, the file hierarchy rooted in
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that directory is skipped.
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.It Fl r
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Equivalent to
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.Fl R .
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.It Fl v
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Display each file name after it was removed.
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.El
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility removes symbolic links, not the files referenced by the links.
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.Pp
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It is an error to attempt to remove the root directory or the files
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.Dq \&.
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or
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.Dq .. .
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It is forbidden to remove the file
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.Dq ..
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merely to avoid the antisocial consequences of inadvertently
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doing something like
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.Dq Cm rm -r .* .
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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The
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.Nm
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utility exits 0 if all of the named files or file hierarchies were removed,
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or if the
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.Fl f
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option was specified and all of the existing files or file hierarchies were
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removed.
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If an error occurs,
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.Nm
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exits with a value >0.
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Recursively remove all files contained within the
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.Pa foobar
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directory hierarchy:
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.Pp
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.Dl $ rm -rf foobar
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.Pp
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Either of these commands will remove the file
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.Pa -f :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ rm -- -f
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$ rm ./-f
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.Ed
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr rmdir 1 ,
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.\" .Xr undelete 2 ,
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.Xr unlink 2 ,
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.Xr fts_open 3 ,
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.Xr symlink 7
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.Sh STANDARDS
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The
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.Nm
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utility is compliant with the
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.St -p1003.1-2008
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specification.
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.Pp
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The flags
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.Op Fl dPv
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are extensions to that specification.
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.Sh HISTORY
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An
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.Nm
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command appeared in
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.At v1 .
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.Pp
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The
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.Nm
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utility differs from historical implementations in that the
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.Fl f
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option only masks attempts to remove non-existent files instead of
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masking a large variety of errors.
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.Pp
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Also, historical
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.Bx
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implementations prompted on the standard output,
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not the standard error output.
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.Pp
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The interactive mode used to be a
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.Nm dsw
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command, a carryover from the ancient past with an
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amusing etymology.
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.Sh BUGS
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The
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.Fl P
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option assumes that both the underlying file system and storage medium write
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in place.
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This is true for the FFS and MS-DOS file systems and magnetic hard disks,
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but not true for most flash storage.
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In addition, only regular files are overwritten; other types of files
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are not.
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