183 lines
5.1 KiB
Groff
183 lines
5.1 KiB
Groff
.\" $OpenBSD: fsck.8,v 1.35 2023/01/04 13:00:11 jsg Exp $
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.\" $NetBSD: fsck.8,v 1.14 1996/10/03 20:08:29 christos Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1996 Christos Zoulas. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd $Mdocdate: January 4 2023 $
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.Dt FSCK 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm fsck
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.Nd file system consistency check and interactive repair
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm fsck
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl dfNnpvy
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.Op Fl b Ar block#
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.Op Fl l Ar maxparallel
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.Op Fl T Ar fstype : Ns Ar fsoptions
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.Op Fl t Ar fstype
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.Op Ar special | node ...
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.Ek
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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command invokes file-system-specific programs to check the
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special devices listed in the
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.Xr fstab 5
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file or on the command line for consistency.
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.Pp
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It is normally used in the script
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.Xr rc 8
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during automatic reboot.
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If no file systems are specified,
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.Nm
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reads the file
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.Xr fstab 5
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to determine which file systems to check and in what order.
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Only partitions in fstab that are mounted
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.Dq rw
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or
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.Dq ro
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and that have non-zero pass numbers are checked.
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File systems with pass number 1 (normally just the root file system) are
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checked one at a time.
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When pass 1 completes, all remaining file systems are checked, with one
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process spawned per disk drive.
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The disk drive containing each file system is inferred from the longest
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prefix of the device name that ends in a digit; the remaining characters
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are assumed to be the partition designator.
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By default, file systems which are already mounted read/write are not
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checked.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Fl b Ar block#
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Causes
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.Nm
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to use the specified block as the location of the superblock.
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Block 32 is usually an alternate super block.
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This option is only valid for filesystems that support backup superblocks
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(ffs and ext2fs).
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.It Fl d
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Debugging mode.
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Just print the commands without executing them.
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Available only if
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.Nm
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is compiled to support it.
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.It Fl f
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Force checking of file systems, even when they are marked clean (for file systems
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that support this).
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.It Fl l Ar maxparallel
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Limit the number of parallel checks to
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.Ar maxparallel .
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By default, the limit is the number of
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disks, running one process per disk.
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If a smaller limit is given,
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the disks are checked round-robin, one file system at a time.
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.It Fl N
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When using
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.Xr fstab 5 ,
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only check filesystems that have the
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.Dq net
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mount option set.
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By default file systems with this option are ignored.
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.It Fl n
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Assume a
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.Dq no
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response to all questions asked by
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.Nm
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except for
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.Dq CONTINUE? ,
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which is assumed to be affirmative.
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File systems will not be opened for writing.
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This is the default for file systems to be checked that are
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concurrently mounted writable.
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.It Fl p
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Enter preen mode:
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.Nm
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will check all file systems listed in
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.Xr fstab 5
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according to their pass number,
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or any special devices listed on the command line,
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and will make minor repairs without
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human intervention.
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Any major problems will cause
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.Nm
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to exit with a non-zero exit code,
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so as to alert any invoking program or script
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that human intervention is required.
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.It Fl T Ar fstype : Ns Ar fsoptions
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List of comma separated file system specific options for the specified
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file system type, in the same format as
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.Xr mount 8 .
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.It Fl t Ar fstype
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Invoke
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.Nm
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only for the comma separated list of file system types.
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If the list starts with
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.Dq no ,
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invoke
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.Nm
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only in the file system types that are
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.Em not
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specified in
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the list.
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.It Fl v
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Print the commands before executing them.
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.It Fl y
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Cause
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.Nm
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to assume
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.Dq yes
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as the answer to all operator questions.
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.El
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.Pp
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If neither of the
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.Fl y
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or
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.Fl n
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options are specified, the user may force
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.Nm
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to assume an answer of
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.Dq yes
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to all the remaining questions by replying to a question with a value of
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.Dq F .
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.Sh FILES
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.Bl -tag -width /etc/fstab -compact
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.It Pa /etc/fstab
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file system table
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr fs 5 ,
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.Xr fstab 5 ,
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.Xr fsck_ext2fs 8 ,
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.Xr fsck_ffs 8 ,
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.Xr fsck_msdos 8 ,
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.Xr fsdb 8 ,
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.Xr growfs 8 ,
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.Xr mount 8 ,
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.Xr newfs 8 ,
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.Xr rc 8 ,
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.Xr scan_ffs 8
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