src/sys/netinet6/in6_src.c

/*	$OpenBSD: in6_src.c,v 1.99 2024/04/21 17:32:11 florian Exp $	*/
/*	$KAME: in6_src.c,v 1.36 2001/02/06 04:08:17 itojun Exp $	*/

/*
 * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1991, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *	@(#)in_pcb.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 1/4/94
 */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/socketvar.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_var.h>
#include <net/route.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
#include <netinet6/in6_var.h>
#include <netinet/ip6.h>
#include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
#include <netinet6/nd6.h>

int in6_selectif(const struct in6_addr *, struct ip6_pktopts *,
    struct ip6_moptions *, struct route *, struct ifnet **, u_int);

/*
 * Return an IPv6 address, which is the most appropriate for a given
 * destination and pcb. We need the additional opt parameter because
 * the values set at pcb level can be overridden via cmsg.
 */
int
in6_pcbselsrc(const struct in6_addr **in6src, struct sockaddr_in6 *dstsock,
    struct inpcb *inp, struct ip6_pktopts *opts)
{
	struct ip6_moptions *mopts = inp->inp_moptions6;
	struct rtentry *rt;
	const struct in6_addr *laddr = &inp->inp_laddr6;
	u_int rtableid = inp->inp_rtableid;
	struct ifnet *ifp = NULL;
	struct sockaddr	*ip6_source = NULL;
	struct in6_addr *dst;
	struct in6_ifaddr *ia6 = NULL;
	struct in6_pktinfo *pi = NULL;
	int	error;

	dst = &dstsock->sin6_addr;

	/*
	 * If the source address is explicitly specified by the caller,
	 * check if the requested source address is indeed a unicast address
	 * assigned to the node, and can be used as the packet's source
	 * address.  If everything is okay, use the address as source.
	 */
	if (opts && (pi = opts->ip6po_pktinfo) &&
	    !IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&pi->ipi6_addr)) {
		struct sockaddr_in6 sa6;

		/* get the outgoing interface */
		error = in6_selectif(dst, opts, mopts, &inp->inp_route, &ifp,
		    rtableid);
		if (error)
			return (error);

		bzero(&sa6, sizeof(sa6));
		sa6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
		sa6.sin6_len = sizeof(sa6);
		sa6.sin6_addr = pi->ipi6_addr;

		if (ifp && IN6_IS_SCOPE_EMBED(&sa6.sin6_addr))
			sa6.sin6_addr.s6_addr16[1] = htons(ifp->if_index);
		if_put(ifp); /* put reference from in6_selectif */

		ia6 = ifatoia6(ifa_ifwithaddr(sin6tosa(&sa6), rtableid));
		if (ia6 == NULL || (ia6->ia6_flags &
		     (IN6_IFF_ANYCAST|IN6_IFF_TENTATIVE|IN6_IFF_DUPLICATED)))
			return (EADDRNOTAVAIL);

		pi->ipi6_addr = sa6.sin6_addr; /* XXX: this overrides pi */

		*in6src = &pi->ipi6_addr;
		return (0);
	}

	/*
	 * If the source address is not specified but the socket(if any)
	 * is already bound, use the bound address.
	 */
	if (laddr && !IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(laddr)) {
		*in6src = laddr;
		return (0);
	}

	/*
	 * If the caller doesn't specify the source address but
	 * the outgoing interface, use an address associated with
	 * the interface.
	 */
	if (pi && pi->ipi6_ifindex) {
		ifp = if_get(pi->ipi6_ifindex);
		if (ifp == NULL)
			return (ENXIO); /* XXX: better error? */

		ia6 = in6_ifawithscope(ifp, dst, rtableid, NULL);
		if_put(ifp);

		if (ia6 == NULL)
			return (EADDRNOTAVAIL);

		*in6src = &ia6->ia_addr.sin6_addr;
		return (0);
	}

	error = in6_selectsrc(in6src, dstsock, mopts, rtableid);
	if (error != EADDRNOTAVAIL)
		return (error);

	/*
	 * If route is known or can be allocated now,
	 * our src addr is taken from the i/f, else punt.
	 */
	rt = route6_mpath(&inp->inp_route, dst, NULL, rtableid);

	/*
	 * in_pcbconnect() checks out IFF_LOOPBACK to skip using
	 * the address. But we don't know why it does so.
	 * It is necessary to ensure the scope even for lo0
	 * so doesn't check out IFF_LOOPBACK.
	 */

	if (rt != NULL) {
		ifp = if_get(rt->rt_ifidx);
		if (ifp != NULL) {
			ia6 = in6_ifawithscope(ifp, dst, rtableid, rt);
			if_put(ifp);
		}
		if (ia6 == NULL) /* xxx scope error ?*/
			ia6 = ifatoia6(rt->rt_ifa);
	}

	/*
	 * Use preferred source address if :
	 * - destination is not onlink
	 * - preferred source address is set
	 * - output interface is UP
	 */
	if (rt != NULL && !(rt->rt_flags & RTF_LLINFO) &&
	    !(rt->rt_flags & RTF_HOST)) {
		ip6_source = rtable_getsource(rtableid, AF_INET6);
		if (ip6_source != NULL) {
			struct ifaddr *ifa;
			if ((ifa = ifa_ifwithaddr(ip6_source, rtableid)) !=
			    NULL && ISSET(ifa->ifa_ifp->if_flags, IFF_UP)) {
				*in6src = &satosin6(ip6_source)->sin6_addr;
				return (0);
			}
		}
	}

	if (ia6 == NULL)
		return (EHOSTUNREACH);	/* no route */

	*in6src = &ia6->ia_addr.sin6_addr;
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Return an IPv6 address, which is the most appropriate for a given
 * destination and multicast options.
 * If necessary, this function lookups the routing table and returns
 * an entry to the caller for later use.
 */
int
in6_selectsrc(const struct in6_addr **in6src, struct sockaddr_in6 *dstsock,
    struct ip6_moptions *mopts, unsigned int rtableid)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp = NULL;
	struct in6_addr *dst;
	struct in6_ifaddr *ia6 = NULL;

	dst = &dstsock->sin6_addr;

	/*
	 * If the destination address is a link-local unicast address or
	 * a link/interface-local multicast address, and if the outgoing
	 * interface is specified by the sin6_scope_id filed, use an address
	 * associated with the interface.
	 * XXX: We're now trying to define more specific semantics of
	 *      sin6_scope_id field, so this part will be rewritten in
	 *      the near future.
	 */
	if ((IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(dst) || IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(dst) ||
	     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_INTFACELOCAL(dst)) && dstsock->sin6_scope_id) {
		ifp = if_get(dstsock->sin6_scope_id);
		if (ifp == NULL)
			return (ENXIO); /* XXX: better error? */

		ia6 = in6_ifawithscope(ifp, dst, rtableid, NULL);
		if_put(ifp);

		if (ia6 == NULL)
			return (EADDRNOTAVAIL);

		*in6src = &ia6->ia_addr.sin6_addr;
		return (0);
	}

	/*
	 * If the destination address is a multicast address and
	 * the outgoing interface for the address is specified
	 * by the caller, use an address associated with the interface.
	 * Even if the outgoing interface is not specified, we also
	 * choose a loopback interface as the outgoing interface.
	 */
	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(dst)) {
		ifp = mopts ? if_get(mopts->im6o_ifidx) : NULL;

		if (!ifp && dstsock->sin6_scope_id)
			ifp = if_get(htons(dstsock->sin6_scope_id));

		if (ifp) {
			ia6 = in6_ifawithscope(ifp, dst, rtableid, NULL);
			if_put(ifp);

			if (ia6 == NULL)
				return (EADDRNOTAVAIL);

			*in6src = &ia6->ia_addr.sin6_addr;
			return (0);
		}
	}

	return (EADDRNOTAVAIL);
}

struct rtentry *
in6_selectroute(const struct in6_addr *dst, struct ip6_pktopts *opts,
    struct route *ro, unsigned int rtableid)
{
	/*
	 * Use a cached route if it exists and is valid, else try to allocate
	 * a new one.
	 */
	if (ro) {
		struct rtentry *rt;

		rt = route6_mpath(ro, dst, NULL, rtableid);

		/*
		 * Check if the outgoing interface conflicts with
		 * the interface specified by ipi6_ifindex (if specified).
		 * Note that loopback interface is always okay.
		 * (this may happen when we are sending a packet to one of
		 *  our own addresses.)
		 */
		if (opts && opts->ip6po_pktinfo &&
		    opts->ip6po_pktinfo->ipi6_ifindex) {
			if (rt != NULL && !ISSET(rt->rt_flags, RTF_LOCAL) &&
			    rt->rt_ifidx != opts->ip6po_pktinfo->ipi6_ifindex) {
			    	return (NULL);
			}
		}

		return (rt);
	}

	return (NULL);
}

int
in6_selectif(const struct in6_addr *dst, struct ip6_pktopts *opts,
    struct ip6_moptions *mopts, struct route *ro, struct ifnet **retifp,
    u_int rtableid)
{
	struct rtentry *rt;
	struct in6_pktinfo *pi = NULL;

	/* If the caller specify the outgoing interface explicitly, use it. */
	if (opts && (pi = opts->ip6po_pktinfo) != NULL && pi->ipi6_ifindex) {
		*retifp = if_get(pi->ipi6_ifindex);
		if (*retifp != NULL)
			return (0);
	}

	/*
	 * If the destination address is a multicast address and the outgoing
	 * interface for the address is specified by the caller, use it.
	 */
	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(dst) &&
	    mopts != NULL && (*retifp = if_get(mopts->im6o_ifidx)) != NULL)
	    	return (0);

	rt = in6_selectroute(dst, opts, ro, rtableid);
	if (rt == NULL)
		return (EHOSTUNREACH);

	/*
	 * do not use a rejected or black hole route.
	 * XXX: this check should be done in the L2 output routine.
	 * However, if we skipped this check here, we'd see the following
	 * scenario:
	 * - install a rejected route for a scoped address prefix
	 *   (like fe80::/10)
	 * - send a packet to a destination that matches the scoped prefix,
	 *   with ambiguity about the scope zone.
	 * - pick the outgoing interface from the route, and disambiguate the
	 *   scope zone with the interface.
	 * - ip6_output() would try to get another route with the "new"
	 *   destination, which may be valid.
	 * - we'd see no error on output.
	 * Although this may not be very harmful, it should still be confusing.
	 * We thus reject the case here.
	 */
	if (ISSET(rt->rt_flags, RTF_REJECT | RTF_BLACKHOLE))
		return (rt->rt_flags & RTF_HOST ? EHOSTUNREACH : ENETUNREACH);

	*retifp = if_get(rt->rt_ifidx);

	return (0);
}

int
in6_selecthlim(const struct inpcb *inp)
{
	if (inp && inp->inp_hops >= 0)
		return (inp->inp_hops);

	return (ip6_defhlim);
}

/*
 * generate kernel-internal form (scopeid embedded into s6_addr16[1]).
 * If the address scope of is link-local, embed the interface index in the
 * address.  The routine determines our precedence
 * between advanced API scope/interface specification and basic API
 * specification.
 *
 * this function should be nuked in the future, when we get rid of
 * embedded scopeid thing.
 *
 * XXX actually, it is over-specification to return ifp against sin6_scope_id.
 * there can be multiple interfaces that belong to a particular scope zone
 * (in specification, we have 1:N mapping between a scope zone and interfaces).
 * we may want to change the function to return something other than ifp.
 */
int
in6_embedscope(struct in6_addr *in6, const struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6,
    const struct ip6_pktopts *outputopts6, const struct ip6_moptions *moptions6)
{
	u_int32_t scopeid;

	*in6 = sin6->sin6_addr;

	/*
	 * don't try to read sin6->sin6_addr beyond here, since the caller may
	 * ask us to overwrite existing sockaddr_in6
	 */

	if (IN6_IS_SCOPE_EMBED(in6)) {
		struct in6_pktinfo *pi;

		/*
		 * KAME assumption: link id == interface id
		 */

		if (outputopts6 && (pi = outputopts6->ip6po_pktinfo) &&
		    pi->ipi6_ifindex)
			scopeid = pi->ipi6_ifindex;
		else if (moptions6 && IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(in6) &&
		    moptions6->im6o_ifidx)
			scopeid = moptions6->im6o_ifidx;
		else
			scopeid = sin6->sin6_scope_id;

		if (scopeid) {
			struct ifnet *ifp;

			ifp = if_get(scopeid);
			if (ifp == NULL)
				return ENXIO;  /* XXX EINVAL? */
			/*XXX assignment to 16bit from 32bit variable */
			in6->s6_addr16[1] = htons(scopeid & 0xffff);
			if_put(ifp);
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * generate standard sockaddr_in6 from embedded form.
 * touches sin6_addr and sin6_scope_id only.
 *
 * this function should be nuked in the future, when we get rid of
 * embedded scopeid thing.
 */
void
in6_recoverscope(struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6, const struct in6_addr *in6)
{
	u_int32_t scopeid;

	sin6->sin6_addr = *in6;

	/*
	 * don't try to read *in6 beyond here, since the caller may
	 * ask us to overwrite existing sockaddr_in6
	 */

	sin6->sin6_scope_id = 0;
	if (IN6_IS_SCOPE_EMBED(in6)) {
		/*
		 * KAME assumption: link id == interface id
		 */
		scopeid = ntohs(sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr16[1]);
		if (scopeid) {
			sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr16[1] = 0;
			sin6->sin6_scope_id = scopeid;
		}
	}
}

/*
 * just clear the embedded scope identifier.
 */
void
in6_clearscope(struct in6_addr *addr)
{
	if (IN6_IS_SCOPE_EMBED(addr))
		addr->s6_addr16[1] = 0;
}