HardenedBSD/sbin/nvmecontrol/nvmecontrol.8

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.\" Copyright (c) 2018-2019 Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
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.\" nvmecontrol man page.
.\"
.\" Author: Jim Harris <jimharris@FreeBSD.org>
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd August 5, 2019
.Dt NVMECONTROL 8
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm nvmecontrol
.Nd NVM Express control utility
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Ic devlist
.Nm
.Ic identify
.Op Fl v
.Op Fl x
.Aq device id
.Aq namespace id
.Nm
.Ic perftest
.Aq Fl n Ar num_threads
.Aq Fl o Ar read|write
.Op Fl p
.Aq Fl s Ar size_in_bytes
.Aq Fl t Ar time_in_sec
.Aq namespace id
.Nm
.Ic reset
.Aq controller id
.Nm
.Ic logpage
.Aq Fl p Ar page_id
.Op Fl x
.Op Fl v Ar vendor-string
.Op Fl b
.Op Fl f Ar LSP
.Op Fl i Ar LSI
.Op Fl r
.Aq device id
.Aq namespace id
.Nm
.Ic ns active
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic ns allocated
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic ns attach
.Aq Fl n Ar nsid
.Aq Fl c Ar cntid
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic ns attached
.Aq Fl n Ar nsid
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic ns controllers
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic ns create
.Aq Fl s Ar nsze
.Op Fl c Ar ncap
.Op Fl f Ar lbaf
.Op Fl m Ar mset
.Op Fl n Ar nmic
.Op Fl p Ar pi
.Op Fl l Ar pil
.Op Fl L Ar flbas
.Op Fl d Ar dps
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic ns delete
.Aq Fl n Ar nsid
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic ns detach
.Aq Fl n Ar nsid
.Aq Fl c Ar cntid
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic ns identify
.Op Fl v
.Op Fl x
.Aq Fl n Ar nsid
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic nsid
.Aq device id
.Aq namespace id
.Nm
.Ic resv acquire
.Aq Fl c Ar crkey
.Op Fl p Ar prkey
.Aq Fl t Ar rtype
.Aq Fl a Ar racqa
.Aq namespace id
.Nm
.Ic resv register
.Op Fl c Ar crkey
.Aq Fl k Ar nrkey
.Aq Fl r Ar rrega
.Op Fl i Ar iekey
.Op Fl p Ar cptpl
.Aq namespace id
.Nm
.Ic resv release
.Aq Fl c Ar crkey
.Aq Fl t Ar rtype
.Aq Fl a Ar rrela
.Aq namespace id
.Nm
.Ic resv report
.Op Fl e
.Op Fl v
.Op Fl x
.Aq namespace id
.Nm
.Ic firmware
.Op Fl s Ar slot
.Op Fl f Ar path_to_firmware
.Op Fl a
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic format
.Op Fl f Ar fmt
.Op Fl m Ar mset
.Op Fl o Ar pi
.Op Fl l Ar pil
.Op Fl E
.Op Fl C
.Aq device id
.Aq namespace id
.Nm
.Ic sanitize
.Aq Fl a Ar sanact
.Op Fl c Ar owpass
.Op Fl d
.Op Fl p Ar ovrpat
.Op Fl r
.Op Fl I
.Op Fl U
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic power
.Op Fl l
.Op Fl p power_state
.Op Fl w workload_hint
.Nm
.Ic wdc cap-diag
.Op Fl o path_template
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic wdc drive-log
.Op Fl o path_template
.Aq device id
.Nm
.Ic wdc get-crash-dump
.Op Fl o path_template
.Aq device id
.\" .Nm
.\" .Ic wdc purge
.\" .Aq device id
.\" .Nm
.\" .Ic wdc purge-monitor
.\" .Aq device id
.Sh DESCRIPTION
NVM Express (NVMe) is a storage protocol standard, for SSDs and other
high-speed storage devices over PCI Express.
.Pp
.Ss logpage
The logpage command knows how to print log pages of various types.
It also knows about vendor specific log pages from hgst/wdc and intel.
Note that some vendors use the same log page numbers for different data.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -compact -width "Page 0x00"
.It Dv Page 0x01
Drive Error Log
.It Dv Page 0x02
Health/SMART Data
.It Dv Page 0x03
Firmware Information
.It Dv Page 0x04
Changed Namespace List
.It Dv Page 0x05
Commands Supported and Effects
.It Dv Page 0x80
Reservation Notification
.It Dv Page 0x81
Sanitize Status
.It Dv Page 0xc1
Advanced SMART information (WDC/HGST)
.It Dv Page 0xc1
Read latency stats (Intel)
.It Dv Page 0xc2
Wite latency stats (Intel)
.It Dv Page 0xc5
Temperature stats (Intel)
.It Dv Page 0xca
Advanced SMART information (Intel)
.El
.Pp
Specifying
.Fl v
.Ic help
will list all valid vendors and pages.
.Fl x
will print the page as hex.
.Fl b
will print the binary data for the page.
.Fl s
will set Log Specific Field.
.Fl i
will set Log Specific Identifier.
.Fl r
will set Retain Asynchronous Event.
.Ss ns
Various namespace management commands.
If namespace management is supported by device, allow list, create and delete
namespaces, list, attach and detach controllers to namespaces.
.Ss resv acquire
Acquire or preempt namespace reservation, using specified parameters:
.Bl -tag -width 6n
.It Fl a
Acquire action:
.Bl -tag -compact -width 6n
.It Dv 0
Acquire
.It Dv 1
Preempt
.It Dv 2
Preempt and abort
.El
.It Fl c
Current reservation key.
.It Fl p
Preempt reservation key.
.It Fl t
Reservation type:
.Bl -tag -compact -width 6n
.It Dv 1
Write Exclusive
.It Dv 2
Exclusive Access
.It Dv 3
Write Exclusive - Registrants Only
.It Dv 4
Exclusive Access - Registrants Only
.It Dv 5
Write Exclusive - All Registrants
.It Dv 6
Exclusive Access - All Registrants
.El
.El
.Ss resv register
Register, unregister or replace reservation key, using specified parameters:
.Bl -tag -width 6n
.It Fl c
Current reservation key.
.It Fl k
New reservation key.
.It Fl r
Register action:
.Bl -tag -compact -width 6n
.It Dv 0
Register
.It Dv 1
Unregister
.It Dv 2
Replace
.El
.It Fl i
Ignore Existing Key
.It Fl p
Change Persist Through Power Loss State:
.Bl -tag -compact -width 6n
.It Dv 0
No change to PTPL state
.It Dv 2
Set PTPL state to ‘0’.
Reservations are released and registrants are cleared on a power on.
.It Dv 3
Set PTPL state to ‘1’.
Reservations and registrants persist across a power loss.
.El
.El
.Ss resv release
Release or clear reservation, using specified parameters:
.Bl -tag -width 6n
.It Fl c
Current reservation key.
.It Fl t
Reservation type.
.It Fl a
Release action:
.Bl -tag -compact -width 6n
.It Dv 0
Release
.It Dv 1
Clean
.El
.El
.Ss resv report
Print reservation status, using specified parameters:
.Bl -tag -width 6n
.It Fl x
Print reservation status in hex.
.It Fl e
Use Extended Data Structure.
.El
.Ss format
Format either specified namespace, or all namespaces of specified controller,
using specified parameters:
.Ar fmt
LBA Format,
.Ar mset
Metadata Settings,
.Ar pi
Protection Information,
.Ar pil
Protection Information Location.
When formatting specific namespace, existing values are used as defaults.
When formatting all namespaces, all parameters should be specified.
Some controllers may not support formatting or erasing specific or all
namespaces.
Option
.Fl E
enables User Data Erase during format.
Option
.Fl C
enables Cryptographic Erase during format.
.Ss sanitize
Sanitize NVM subsystem of specified controller,
using specified parameters:
.Bl -tag -width 6n
.It Fl a Ar operation
Specify the sanitize operation to perform.
.Bl -tag -width 16n
.It overwrite
Perform an overwrite operation by writing a user supplied
data pattern to the device one or more times.
The pattern is given by the
.Fl p
argument.
The number of times is given by the
.Fl c
argument.
.It block
Perform a block erase operation.
All the device's blocks are set to a vendor defined
value, typically zero.
.It crypto
Perform a cryptographic erase operation.
The encryption keys are changed to prevent the decryption
of the data.
.It exitfailure
Exits a previously failed sanitize operation.
A failed sanitize operation can only be exited if it was
run in the unrestricted completion mode, as provided by the
.Fl U
argument.
.El
.It Fl c Ar passes
The number of passes when performing an
.Sq overwrite
operation.
Valid values are between 1 and 16.
The default is 1.
.It Fl d
No Deallocate After Sanitize.
.It Fl I
When performing an
.Sq overwrite
operation, the pattern is inverted between consecutive passes.
.It Fl p Ar pattern
32 bits of pattern to use when performing an
.Sq overwrite
operation.
The pattern is repeated as needed to fill each block.
.It Fl U
Perform the sanitize in the unrestricted completion mode.
If the operation fails, it can later be exited with the
.Sq exitfailure
operation.
.It Fl r
Run in
.Dq report only
mode.
This will report status on a sanitize that is already running on the drive.
.El
.Ss wdc
The various wdc command retrieve log data from the wdc/hgst drives.
The
.Fl o
flag specifies a path template to use to output the files.
Each file takes the path template (which defaults to nothing), appends
the drive's serial number and the type of dump it is followed
by .bin.
These logs must be sent to the vendor for analysis.
This tool only provides a way to extract them.
.Sh EXAMPLES
.Dl nvmecontrol devlist
.Pp
Display a list of NVMe controllers and namespaces along with their device nodes.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol identify nvme0
.Pp
Display a human-readable summary of the nvme0 IDENTIFY_CONTROLLER data.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol identify -x -v nvme0ns1
.Pp
Display an hexadecimal dump of the nvme0 IDENTIFY_NAMESPACE data for namespace
1.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol perftest -n 32 -o read -s 512 -t 30 nvme0ns1
.Pp
Run a performance test on nvme0ns1 using 32 kernel threads for 30 seconds.
Each thread will issue a single 512 byte read command.
Results are printed to stdout when 30 seconds expires.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol reset nvme0
.Pp
Perform a controller-level reset of the nvme0 controller.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol logpage -p 1 nvme0
.Pp
Display a human-readable summary of the nvme0 controller's Error Information Log.
Log pages defined by the NVMe specification include Error Information Log (ID=1),
SMART/Health Information Log (ID=2), and Firmware Slot Log (ID=3).
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol logpage -p 0xc1 -v wdc nvme0
.Pp
Display a human-readable summary of the nvme0's wdc-specific advanced
SMART data.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol logpage -p 1 -x nvme0
.Pp
Display a hexadecimal dump of the nvme0 controller's Error Information Log.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol logpage -p 0xcb -b nvme0 > /tmp/page-cb.bin
.Pp
Print the contents of vendor specific page 0xcb as binary data on
standard out.
Redirect it to a temporary file.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol firmware -s 2 -f /tmp/nvme_firmware nvme0
.Pp
Download the firmware image contained in "/tmp/nvme_firmware" to slot 2 of the
nvme0 controller, but do not activate the image.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol firmware -s 4 -a nvme0
.Pp
Activate the firmware in slot 4 of the nvme0 controller on the next reset.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol firmware -s 7 -f /tmp/nvme_firmware -a nvme0
.Pp
Download the firmware image contained in "/tmp/nvme_firmware" to slot 7 of the
nvme0 controller and activate it on the next reset.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol power -l nvme0
.Pp
List all the current power modes.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol power -p 3 nvme0
.Pp
Set the current power mode.
.Pp
.Dl nvmecontrol power nvme0
.Pp
Get the current power mode.
.Sh DYNAMIC LOADING
The directories
.Pa /lib/nvmecontrol
and
.Pa /usr/local/lib/nvmecontrol
are scanned for any .so files.
These files are loaded.
The members of the
.Va top
linker set are added to the top-level commands.
The members of the
.Va logpage
linker set are added to the logpage parsers.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
utility appeared in
.Fx 9.2 .
.Sh AUTHORS
.An -nosplit
.Nm
was developed by Intel and originally written by
.An Jim Harris Aq Mt jimharris@FreeBSD.org .
.Pp
This man page was written by
.An Jim Harris Aq Mt jimharris@FreeBSD.org .