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Explain cron.d
Add details on the format of system cron files, which are mentioned in cron(8) which refers here but barely explained here. Reviewed by: imp Pull Request: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/pull/1106
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@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
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.\"
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.\" $Id: crontab.5,v 1.2 1998/08/14 00:32:38 vixie Exp $
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.\"
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.Dd March 29, 2020
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.Dd May 10, 2024
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.Dt CRONTAB 5
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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@ -151,11 +151,15 @@ usually does not read its mail.
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.Pp
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The format of a cron command is very much the V7 standard, with a number of
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upward-compatible extensions.
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Each line has five time and date fields,
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followed by a user name
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(with optional ``:<group>'' and ``/<login-class>'' suffixes)
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if this is the system crontab file,
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.Pp
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Each user cron line has five time and date fields, followed by a command.
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.Pp
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Each line in system crontab (
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.Pa /etc/crontab, /etc/cron.d, /usr/local/etc/cron.d
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) has five time and date fields, followed by a valid user name
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(with optional ``:<group>'' and ``/<login-class>'' suffixes),
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followed by a command.
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.Pp
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Commands are executed by
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.Xr cron 8
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when the minute, hour, and month of year fields match the current time,
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@ -281,9 +285,15 @@ Note, however, that overlap may occur if the job is running when the file
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containing the job is modified and subsequently reloaded.
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The first run is scheduled for the specified number of seconds after cron
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is started or the crontab entry is reloaded.
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.Sh EXAMPLE CRON FILE
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.Sh EXAMPLE SYSTEM CRON FILE
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.Bd -literal
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# sample /etc/cron.d/vmstat
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# run vmstat every five minutes
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# note the username as sixth field!
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*/5 * * * * root vmstat
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.Ed
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.Sh EXAMPLE USER CRON FILE
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.Bd -literal
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# use /bin/sh to run commands, overriding the default set by cron
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SHELL=/bin/sh
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# mail any output to `paul', no matter whose crontab this is
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