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bsdinstall(8): Document ZFS installation scripting.
- Extend the bsdinstall(8) man page with ZFS installation scripting details. [1] - Extend the bsdinstall(8) man page with the description of all the ZFS variables involved in a scripted installation of ZFS-based systems. [1] - Extend the SCRIPTING section with an example for a ZFS-based scripted installation. [1] - Create a new section explaining how ZFS datasets must be written into a variable to get them set on the final system. [1] While here: - Add Roberto to the copyrights for recognition as changes to the manual page are huge. - Use "Dq" for default values. - Use sysrc(8) instead of echo in examples. Submitted by: Roberto Fernandez Cueto <roberfern@gmail.com> [1] Reviewed by: dteske Approved by: re (gjb), krion (mentor, implicit), mat (mentor, implicit) Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D14169
This commit is contained in:
Mateusz Piotrowski
parent
58554c8d88
commit
5475ce6290
Notes:
svn2git
2020-12-20 02:59:44 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=339179
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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.\"-
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.\" Copyright (c) 2011-2013 Nathan Whitehorn <nwhitehorn@FreeBSD.org>
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2011-2013 Nathan Whitehorn <nwhitehorn@FreeBSD.org> All rights reserved.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2018 Roberto Fernandez Cueto <roberfern@gmail.com>
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.Dd May 23, 2017
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.Dd October 4, 2018
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.Dt BSDINSTALL 8
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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@ -261,12 +261,12 @@ overridden when making scripted or customized installers.
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.Bl -tag -width ".Ev BSDINSTALL_DISTSITE"
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.It Ev DISTRIBUTIONS
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The set of distributions to install, e.g., "base kernel ports".
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Default: none
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Default: unset
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.It Ev BSDINSTALL_DISTDIR
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The directory in which the distribution files can be found (or to which they
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should be downloaded).
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Default:
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.Pa /usr/freebsd-dist
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.Dq Pa /usr/freebsd-dist
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.It Ev BSDINSTALL_DISTSITE
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URL from which the distribution files should be downloaded if they are not
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already present in the directory defined by
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@ -287,11 +287,11 @@ Example:
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The directory into which the distribution files should be unpacked and the
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directory at which the root file system of the new system should be mounted.
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Default:
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.Pa /mnt
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.Dq Pa /mnt
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.It Ev BSDINSTALL_LOG
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Path to a log file for the installation.
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Default:
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.Pa /tmp/bsdinstall_log
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.Dq Pa /tmp/bsdinstall_log
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.It Ev BSDINSTALL_TMPETC
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Directory where files destined for the new system's
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.Pa /etc
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@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ will be stored until the
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target is executed.
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If this directory does not already exist, it will be created.
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Default:
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.Pa /tmp/bsdinstall_etc
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.Dq Pa /tmp/bsdinstall_etc
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.It Ev BSDINSTALL_TMPBOOT
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Directory where files destined for the new system's
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.Pa /boot
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@ -309,7 +309,113 @@ will be stored until the
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target is executed.
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If this directory does not already exist, it will be created.
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Default:
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.Pa /tmp/bsdinstall_boot
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.Dq Pa /tmp/bsdinstall_boot
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_POOL_NAME
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Name for the pool containing the base system.
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Default:
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.Dq zroot
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_POOL_CREATE_OPTIONS
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Options to be used when creating the base system's pool.
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Each option must be followed by the -O flag to be taken into consideration
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or the pool will not be created due to errors using the command
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.Cm zpool .
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Default:
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.Dq Li "-O compress=lz4 -O atime=off"
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_BEROOT_NAME
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Name for the boot environment parent dataset.
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This is a non-mountable dataset meant to be a parent dataset where different
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boot environment are going to be created.
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Default:
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.Dq ROOT
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_BOOTFS_NAME
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Name for the primary boot environment, which will be the default boot
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environment for the system.
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Default:
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.Dq default
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_VDEV_TYPE
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The type of pool to be created for the base system.
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This variable can take one of this values: stripe (No redundacy),
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mirror (n-Way mirroring), raid10 (RAID 1+0 - n x 2-Way Mirrors),
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raidz1 (RAID-Z1 - Single Redundacy RAID), raidz2 (RAID-Z2 - Double Redundacy RAID)
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or raidz3 (RAID-Z3 Triple Redundacy RAID).
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Default:
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.Dq stripe
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_FORCE_4K_SECTORS
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Indicates either the pool will use 4K or 512 sectors.
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If this variable is not empty, 4K sectors will be used.
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Default:
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.Dq 1
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_GELI_ENCRYPTION
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If this variable is not empty, it will use
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.Xr geli 8
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to encrypt the root pool, enabling automatically the
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.Ev ZFSBOOT_BOOT_POOL
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variable.
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Default:
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.Dq ""
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_GELI_KEY_FILE
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Path to the
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.Xr geli 8
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keyfile used to encrypt the pool where the base system is stored.
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Default:
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.Dq Pa /boot/encryption.key
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_BOOT_POOL
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If set a separated boot pool will be created for the kernel of the
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system and
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.Xr loader 8 .
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Default: unset
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_BOOT_POOL_CREATE_OPTIONS
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Options to use when creating the boot pool, when enabled (See
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.Ev ZFSBOOT_BOOT_POOL ).
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Default: unset
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_BOOT_POOL_NAME
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Name for the optional boot pool when it is enabled, (See
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.Ev ZFSBOOT_BOOT_POOL ).
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Default:
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.Dq bootpool
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_BOOT_POOL_SIZE
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Size of the boot pool when it is enabled (See
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.Ev ZFSBOOT_BOOT_POOL ).
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Default:
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.Dq 2g
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_DISKS
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Disks to be used for the base system, including the boot pool.
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This variable must only be used on a scripted installation.
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See
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.Sx SCRIPTING
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for more information.
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Default: unset
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_SWAP_SIZE
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Size of the swap partition on each block device.
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This variable will be passed to
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.Xr gpart 8 ;
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which supports SI unit suffixes.
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Default:
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.Dq 2g
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_SWAP_ENCRYPTION
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If set, enables the encryption of the swap partition using
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.Xr geli 8 .
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Defaulf: ""
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_SWAP_MIRROR
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If set, enables a swap mirroring using
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.Xr gmirror 8 .
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Default:
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unset
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_DATASETS
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ZFS datasets to be created on the root zpool, it requires the
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following datasets:
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.Pa /tmp ,
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.Pa /var/tmp ,
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.Pa /$ZFSBOOT_BEROOT_NAME/$ZFSBOOT_BOOTFS_NAME .
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See
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.Sx ZFS DATASETS
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for more information about who to write this variable and to
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take a look into the default value of it.
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.It Ev ZFSBOOT_CONFIRM_LAYOUT
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If set and the installation is interactive, allow the user to confirm
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the layout before continuing with the installation.
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Default:
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.Dq 1
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.El
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.Sh SCRIPTING
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.Nm
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@ -338,6 +444,19 @@ sysrc sshd_enable=YES
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pkg install puppet
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.Ed
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.Pp
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For a ZFS scripted installation, the script looks like this:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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DISTRIBUTIONS="kernel.txz base.txz"
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export ZFSBOOT_VDEV_TYPE=stripe
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export ZFSBOOT_DISKS=ada0
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export nonInteractive="YES"
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#!/bin/sh
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echo "ifconfig_em0=DHCP" >> /etc/rc.conf
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echo "sshd_enable=YES" >> /etc/rc.conf
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pkg install puppet
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.Ed
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.Pp
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On
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.Fx
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release media, such a script placed at
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@ -374,7 +493,21 @@ instead of
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the preamble can contain the variable
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.Ev ZFSBOOT_DATASETS
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instead of
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.Ev PARTITIONS .
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.Ev PARTITIONS ,
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and setting the variables
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.Ev ZFSBOOT_DISKS
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and
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.Ev ZFSBOOT_VDEV_TYPE
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to create the pool of disks for the base system.
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Usually, for a mirrored booting disk, this two variables looks like this:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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ZFSBOOT_DISKS="ada0 ada1"
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ZFSBOOT_VDEV_TYPE=mirror
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Remenber to export all the variables for the
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.Cm zfsboot
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command, otherwise it will not get set.
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.Ss SETUP SCRIPT
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Following the preamble is an optional shell script, beginning with a #!
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declaration.
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@ -385,6 +518,52 @@ configuration files, install packages, etc.
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Note that newly configured system services, e.g., networking have not
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been started in the installed system at this time and only installation
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host services are available.
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.Ss ZFS DATASETS
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The
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.Cm zfsboot
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partitioning takes the
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.Ev ZFSBOOT_DATASETS
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variable to create the datasets on the base system.
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This variable can get pretty huge if the pool contains a lot of datasets.
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The default value of the
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.Ev ZFSBOOT_DATASETS
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looks like this:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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# DATASET OPTIONS (comma or space separated; or both)
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# Boot Environment [BE] root and default boot dataset
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/$ZFSBOOT_BEROOT_NAME mountpoint=none
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/$ZFSBOOT_BEROOT_NAME/$ZFSBOOT_BOOTFS_NAME mountpoint=/
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# Compress /tmp, allow exec but not setuid
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/tmp mountpoint=/tmp,exec=on,setuid=off
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# Do not mount /usr so that 'base' files go to the BEROOT
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/usr mountpoint=/usr,canmount=off
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# Home directories separated so they are common to all BEs
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/usr/home # NB: /home is a symlink to /usr/home
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# Ports tree
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/usr/ports setuid=off
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# Source tree (compressed)
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/usr/src
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# Create /var and friends
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/var mountpoint=/var,canmount=off
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/var/audit exec=off,setuid=off
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/var/crash exec=off,setuid=off
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/var/log exec=off,setuid=off
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/var/mail atime=on
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/var/tmp setuid=off
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.Ed
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.Pp
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The first column if the dataset to be created on the top of the
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.Ev ZFSBOOT_POOL_NAME
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and the rest of the columns are the options to be set on each dataset.
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The options must be written on a coma or space separated list, or both.
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And everything behind a pound/hash character is ignored as a comment.
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.Sh HISTORY
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This version of
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.Nm
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