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207 lines
4.6 KiB
Groff
207 lines
4.6 KiB
Groff
.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2014 Baptiste Daroussin <bapt@FreeBSD.org>
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.Dd June 26, 2023
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.Dt TIMEOUT 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm timeout
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.Nd run a command with a time limit
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm
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.Op Fl -signal Ar sig | Fl s Ar sig
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.Op Fl -preserve-status
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.Op Fl -kill-after Ar time | Fl k Ar time
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.Op Fl -foreground
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.Ar duration
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.Ar command
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.Op Ar args ...
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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starts the
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.Ar command
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with its
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.Ar args .
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If the
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.Ar command
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is still running after
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.Ar duration ,
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it is killed.
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By default,
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.Dv SIGTERM
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is sent.
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The special
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.Ar duration ,
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zero, signifies no limit.
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Therefore a signal is never sent if
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.Ar duration
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is 0.
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl -preserve-status
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Exit with the same status as
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.Ar command ,
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even if it times out and is killed.
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.It Fl -foreground
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Do not propagate timeout to the children of
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.Ar command .
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.It Fl s Ar sig , Fl -signal Ar sig
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Specify the signal to send on timeout.
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By default,
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.Dv SIGTERM
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is sent.
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.It Fl k Ar time , Fl -kill-after Ar time
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Send a
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.Dv SIGKILL
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signal if
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.Ar command
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is still running after
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.Ar time
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after the first signal was sent.
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.El
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.Sh DURATION FORMAT
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.Ar duration
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and
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.Ar time
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are non-negative integer or real (decimal) numbers, with an optional
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unit-specifying suffix.
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Values without an explicit unit are interpreted as seconds.
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.Pp
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Supported unit symbols are:
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.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
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.It Cm s
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seconds
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.It Cm m
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minutes
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.It Cm h
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hours
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.It Cm d
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days
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.El
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.Sh EXIT STATUS
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If the timeout was not reached, the exit status of
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.Ar command
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is returned.
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.Pp
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If the timeout was reached and
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.Fl -preserve-status
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is set, the exit status of
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.Ar command
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is returned.
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If
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.Fl -preserve-status
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is not set, an exit status of 124 is returned.
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.Pp
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If
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.Ar command
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exits after receiving a signal, the exit status returned is the signal number
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plus 128.
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.Pp
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If
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.Ar command
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refers to a non-existing program, the exit status returned is 127.
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.Pp
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If
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.Ar command
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is an otherwise invalid program, the exit status returned is 126.
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.Pp
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If an invalid parameter is passed to
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.Fl s
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or
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.Fl k ,
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the exit status returned is 125.
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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Run
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.Xr sleep 1
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with a time limit of 4 seconds.
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Since the command completes in 2 seconds, the exit status is 0:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ timeout 4 sleep 2
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$ echo $?
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0
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Run
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.Xr sleep 1
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for 4 seconds and terminate process after 2 seconds.
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124 is returned since no
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.Fl -preserve-status
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is used:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ timeout 2 sleep 4
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$ echo $?
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124
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Same as above but preserving status.
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Exit status is 128 + signal number (15 for
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.Va SIGTERM ) :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ timeout --preserve-status 2 sleep 4
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$ echo $?
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143
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Same as above but sending
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.Va SIGALRM
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(signal number 14) instead of
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.Va SIGTERM :
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ timeout --preserve-status -s SIGALRM 2 sleep 4
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$ echo $?
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142
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.Ed
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.Pp
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Try to
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.Xr fetch 1
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the PDF version of the
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.Fx
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Handbook.
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Send a
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.Va SIGTERM
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signal after 1 minute and send a
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.Va SIGKILL
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signal 5 seconds later if the process refuses to stop:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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$ timeout -k 5s 1m fetch \\
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> https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/doc/en/books/handbook/book.pdf
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.Ed
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr kill 1 ,
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.Xr nohup 1 ,
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.Xr signal 3 ,
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.Xr daemon 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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The
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.Nm
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command first appeared in
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.Fx 10.3 .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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.An Baptiste Daroussin Aq Mt bapt@FreeBSD.org
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and
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.An Vsevolod Stakhov Aq Mt vsevolod@FreeBSD.org
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