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2985 lines
67 KiB
Plaintext
2985 lines
67 KiB
Plaintext
.\" Copyright (c) 1994
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)vi.cmd.roff 8.28 (Berkeley) 7/17/94
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.\"
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.SH 1 "Vi Description"
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.pp
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.CO Vi
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takes up the entire screen to display the edited file,
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except for the bottom line of the screen.
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The bottom line of the screen is used to enter
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.CO ex
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commands, and for
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.CO vi
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error and informational messages.
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If no other information is being displayed,
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the default display can show the current cursor row and cursor column,
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an indication of whether the file has been modified,
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and the current mode of the editor.
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See the
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.OP ruler ,
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.OP showdirty
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and
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.OP showmode
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options for more information.
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.pp
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Empty lines do not have any special representation on the screen,
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but lines on the screen that would logically come after the end of
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the file are displayed as a single tilde
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.PQ ~
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character.
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To differentiate between empty lines and lines consisting of only
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whitespace characters, use the
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.OP list
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option.
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Historically, implementations of
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.CO vi
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|
have also displayed some lines as single asterisk
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.PQ @
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characters.
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These were lines that were not correctly displayed, i.e. lines on the
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screen that did not correspond to lines in the file, or lines that did
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not fit on the current screen.
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.CO Nvi
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never displays lines in this fashion.
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.pp
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.CO Vi
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is a modeful editor, i.e. it has two modes,
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.QQ command
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mode and
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.QQ "text input"
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mode.
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When
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.CO vi
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first starts, it is in command mode.
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There are several commands that change
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.CO vi
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into text input mode.
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The
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.LI <escape>
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character is used to resolve the text input into the file,
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and exit back into command mode.
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|
In
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.CO vi
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command mode, the cursor is always positioned on the last column of
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characters which take up more than one column on the screen.
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In
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.CO vi
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|
text insert mode, the cursor is positioned on the first column of
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characters which take up more than one column on the screen.
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.pp
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|
Generally, if the cursor line and cursor column are not on the screen,
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then the screen is scrolled (if the target cursor is close) or repainted
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(if the target cursor is far away) so that the cursor is on the screen.
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If the screen is scrolled, it is moved a minimal amount, and the cursor
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line will usually appear at the top or bottom of the screen.
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In the screen is repainted, the cursor line will appear in the center of
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the screen, unless the cursor is sufficiently close to the beginning or
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end of the file that this is not possible.
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If the
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.OP leftright
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option is set, the screen may be scrolled or repainted in a horizontal
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direction as well as in a vertical one.
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.pp
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|
A major difference between the historical
|
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.CO vi
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presentation and
|
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.CO nvi
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is in the scrolling and screen oriented position commands,
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.CO <control-B> ,
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.CO <control-D> ,
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.CO <control-E> ,
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.CO <control-F> ,
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.CO <control-U> ,
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.CO <control-Y> ,
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.CO H ,
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.CO L
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and
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.CO M .
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In historical implementations of
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.CO vi ,
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|
these commands acted on physical (as opposed to logical, or screen)
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lines.
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For lines that were sufficiently long in relation to the size of the
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screen, this meant that single line scroll commands might repaint the
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entire screen, scrolling or screen positioning command might not change
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the screen or move the cursor at all, and some lines simply could not
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be displayed, even though
|
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.CO vi
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would edit the file that contained them.
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In
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.CO nvi ,
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these commands act on logical, i.e. screen lines.
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You are unlikely to notice any difference unless you are editing files
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with lines significantly longer than a screen width.
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.pp
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.CO Vi
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keeps track of the currently
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.QQ "most attractive"
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cursor position.
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Each command description (for commands that can change the current
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cursor position),
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specifies if the cursor is set to a specific location in the line,
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or if it is moved to the
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.QQ "most attractive cursor position" .
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The latter means that the cursor is moved to the cursor position
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that is vertically as close as possible to the current cursor
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position.
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|
If the current line is shorter than the cursor position
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.CO vi
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would select, the cursor is positioned on the last character in the line.
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(If the line is empty, the cursor is positioned on the first column
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of the line.)
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If a command moves the cursor to the most attractive position,
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it does not alter the current cursor position, and a subsequent
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movement will again attempt to move the cursor to that position.
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Therefore, although a movement to a line shorter than the currently
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most attractive position will cause the cursor to move to the end of
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that line, a subsequent movement to a longer line will cause the
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cursor to move back to the most attractive position.
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.pp
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|
In addition, the
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.CO $
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command makes the end of each line the most attractive cursor position
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rather than a specific column.
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.pp
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|
Each
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.CO vi
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command described below notes where the cursor ends up after it is
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executed.
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|
This position is described in terms of characters on the line, i.e.
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.QQ "the previous character" ,
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or,
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.QQ "the last character in the line" .
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|
This is to avoid needing to continually refer to on what part of the
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character the cursor rests.
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.pp
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The following words have special meaning for
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.CO vi
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commands.
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.KY "previous context"
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.IP "previous context"
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The position of the cursor before the command which caused the
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last absolute movement was executed.
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Each
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.CO vi
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|
command described in the next section that is considered an
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absolute movement is so noted.
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In addition, specifying
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.i any
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address to an
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.CO ex
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|
command is considered an absolute movement.
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.KY "motion"
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.IP "motion"
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|
A second
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.CO vi
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|
command can be used as an optional trailing argument to the
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.CO vi
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|
.CO \&! ,
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|
.CO \&< ,
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|
.CO \&> ,
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|
.CO \&c ,
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|
.CO \&d ,
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|
.CO \&y ,
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|
and (depending on the
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.OP tildeop
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option)
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.CO \&~
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commands.
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|
This command indicates the end of the region of text that's affected by
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the command.
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|
The motion command may be either the command character repeated (in
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|
which case it means the current line) or a cursor movement command.
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|
In the latter case, the region affected by the command is from the
|
|
starting or stopping cursor position which comes first in the file,
|
|
to immediately before the starting or stopping cursor position which
|
|
comes later in the file.
|
|
Commands that operate on lines instead of using beginning and ending
|
|
cursor positions operate on all of the lines that are wholly or
|
|
partially in the region.
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|
In addition, some other commands become line oriented depending on
|
|
where in the text they are used.
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|
The command descriptions below note these special cases.
|
|
.sp
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|
The following commands may all be used as motion components for
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.CO vi
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|
commands:
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|
.sp
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.ne 12v
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.ft C
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|
.TS
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r r r r.
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<control-A> <control-H> <control-J> <control-M>
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|
<control-N> <control-P> <space> $
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% '<character> ( )
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|
+ , - /
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|
0 ; ? B
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|
E F G H
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|
L M N T
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W [[ ]] ^
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\&_ `<character> b e
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f h j k
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l n t w
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|
{ | }
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|
.TE
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|
.ft R
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|
.sp
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|
The optional count prefix available for some of the
|
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.CO vi
|
|
commands that take motion commands, or the count prefix available
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|
for the
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.CO vi
|
|
commands that are used as motion components,
|
|
may be included and is
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|
.i always
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|
considered part of the motion argument.
|
|
For example, the commands
|
|
.QT c2w
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|
and
|
|
.QT 2cw
|
|
are equivalent, and the region affected by the
|
|
.CO c
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|
command is two words of text.
|
|
In addition, if the optional count prefix is specified for both the
|
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.CO vi
|
|
command and its motion component, the effect is multiplicative and
|
|
is considered part of the motion argument.
|
|
For example, the commands
|
|
.QT 4cw
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|
and
|
|
.QT 2c2w
|
|
are equivalent, and the region affected by the
|
|
.CO c
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|
command is four words of text.
|
|
.KY "count"
|
|
.IP "count"
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|
A positive number used as an optional argument to most commands,
|
|
either to give a size or a position (for display or movement commands),
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|
or as a repeat count (for commands that modify text).
|
|
The count argument is always optional and defaults to 1 unless otherwise
|
|
noted in the command description.
|
|
.sp
|
|
When a
|
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.CO vi
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|
command synopsis shows both a
|
|
.LI [buffer]
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|
and
|
|
.LI [count] ,
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|
they may be presented in any order.
|
|
.KY "bigword"
|
|
.IP "bigword"
|
|
A set of non-whitespace characters preceded and followed by whitespace
|
|
characters or the beginning or end of the file or line.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Groups of empty lines (or lines containing only whitespace characters)
|
|
are treated as a single bigword.
|
|
.KY word
|
|
.IP word
|
|
Generally, in languages where it is applicable,
|
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.CO vi
|
|
recognizes two kinds of words.
|
|
First, a sequence of letters, digits and underscores, delimited at both
|
|
ends by: characters other than letters, digits, or underscores; the
|
|
beginning or end of a line; the beginning or end of the file.
|
|
Second, a sequence of characters other than letters, digits, underscores,
|
|
or whitespace characters, delimited at both ends by: a letter, digit,
|
|
underscore, or whitespace character;
|
|
the beginning or end of a line; the beginning or end of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Groups of empty lines (or lines containing only whitespace characters)
|
|
are treated as a single word.
|
|
.KY "paragraph"
|
|
.IP "paragraph"
|
|
An area of text that begins with either the beginning of a file,
|
|
an empty line, or a section boundary, and continues until either
|
|
an empty line, section boundary, or the end of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Groups of empty lines (or lines containing only whitespace characters)
|
|
are treated as a single paragraph.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Additional paragraph boundaries can be defined using the
|
|
.OP paragraph
|
|
option.
|
|
.KY "section"
|
|
.IP "section"
|
|
An area of text that starts with the beginning of the file or a line
|
|
whose first character is an open brace
|
|
.PQ {
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|
and continues until the next section or the end of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Additional section boundaries can be defined using the
|
|
.OP sections
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option.
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|
.KY "sentence"
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|
.IP "sentence"
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An area of text that begins with either the beginning of the file or the
|
|
first nonblank character following the previous sentence, paragraph, or
|
|
section boundary and continues until the end of the file or a or a period
|
|
.PQ \&.
|
|
exclamation point
|
|
.PQ !
|
|
or question mark
|
|
.PQ ?
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|
character,
|
|
followed by either an end-of-line or two whitespace characters.
|
|
Any number of closing parentheses
|
|
.PQ ) ,
|
|
brackets
|
|
.PQ ]
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|
or double-quote
|
|
.PQ """"
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|
characters can appear between the period, exclamation point,
|
|
or question mark and the whitespace characters or end-of-line.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Groups of empty lines (or lines containing only whitespace characters)
|
|
are treated as a single sentence.
|
|
.SH 1 "Vi Commands"
|
|
.pp
|
|
The following section describes the commands available in the command
|
|
mode of the
|
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.CO vi
|
|
editor.
|
|
In each entry below, the tag line is a usage synopsis for the command
|
|
character.
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|
In addition, the final line and column the cursor rests upon,
|
|
and any options which affect the command are noted.
|
|
.KY <control-A>
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.IP "[count] <control-A>"
|
|
Search forward
|
|
.LI count
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|
times for the current word.
|
|
The current word begins at the first non-whitespace character on or
|
|
after the current cursor position,
|
|
and extends up to the next non-word character or the end of the line.
|
|
The search is literal, i.e. no characters in the word have any special
|
|
meaning in terms of Regular Expressions.
|
|
It is an error if no matching pattern is found between the starting position
|
|
and the end of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-A>
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-A>
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line where the word is found.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first character of the word.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP extended ,
|
|
.OP ignorecase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapscan
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-B>
|
|
.IP "[count] <control-B>"
|
|
Page backward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
screens.
|
|
Two lines of overlap are maintained by displaying the window
|
|
starting at line
|
|
.LI "(top_line - count * window_size) + 2" ,
|
|
where
|
|
.LI window_size
|
|
is the value of the
|
|
.OP window
|
|
option.
|
|
(In the case of split screens, this size is corrected to the
|
|
current screen size.)
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the beginning of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-B>
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line of text displayed on the screen.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-D>
|
|
.IP "[count] <control-D>"
|
|
Scroll forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
lines.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is not specified, scroll forward the number of lines specified by the last
|
|
.CO <control-D>
|
|
or
|
|
.CO <control-U>
|
|
command.
|
|
If this is the first
|
|
.CO <control-D>
|
|
or
|
|
.CO <control-U>
|
|
command,
|
|
scroll forward half the number of lines in the screen.
|
|
(In the case of split screens, the default scrolling distance is
|
|
corrected to half the current screen size.)
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the end of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-D>
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the current line plus the number of lines scrolled.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-E>
|
|
.IP "[count] <control-E>"
|
|
Scroll forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
lines, leaving the cursor on the current line and column, if possible.
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the end of the file.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged unless the current line scrolls off the screen,
|
|
in which case it is set to the first line on the screen.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged unless the current line scrolls off the screen,
|
|
in which case it is set to the most attractive cursor position.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-F>
|
|
.IP "[count] <control-F>"
|
|
Page forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
screens.
|
|
Two lines of overlap are maintained by displaying the window
|
|
starting at line
|
|
.LI "top_line + count * window_size - 2" ,
|
|
where
|
|
.LI window_size
|
|
is the value of the
|
|
.OP window
|
|
option.
|
|
(In the case of split screens, this size is corrected to the
|
|
current screen size.)
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the end of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-F>
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the first line on the screen.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the current line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-G>
|
|
.IP "<control-G>"
|
|
Display the file information.
|
|
The information includes the current pathname, the current line,
|
|
the number of total lines in the file, the current line as a percentage
|
|
of the total lines in the file, if the file has been modified,
|
|
was able to be locked, if the file's name has been changed,
|
|
and if the edit session is read-only.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-H>
|
|
.IP "<control-H>"
|
|
.Ip "[count] h"
|
|
Move the cursor back
|
|
.LI count
|
|
characters in the current line.
|
|
This is an error if the cursor is on the first character in the line.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-H>
|
|
and
|
|
.CO h
|
|
commands may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands,
|
|
in which case any text copied into a buffer is character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the
|
|
.LI "current - count"
|
|
character, or, the first character in the line if
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is greater than or equal to the number of characters in the line
|
|
before the cursor.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-J>
|
|
.IP "[count] <control-J>"
|
|
.KY <control-N>
|
|
.Ip "[count] <control-N>"
|
|
.KY j
|
|
.Ip "[count] j"
|
|
Move the cursor down
|
|
.LI count
|
|
lines without changing the current column.
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the end of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-J> ,
|
|
.CO <control-N>
|
|
and
|
|
.CO j
|
|
commands may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
line oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the current line plus
|
|
.LI count .
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
The most attractive cursor position.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-L>
|
|
.IP "<control-L>"
|
|
.KY <control-R>
|
|
.Ip "<control-R>"
|
|
Repaint the screen.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-M>
|
|
.IP "[count] <control-M>"
|
|
.KY +
|
|
.Ip "[count] +"
|
|
Move the cursor down
|
|
.LI count
|
|
lines to the first nonblank character of that line.
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the end of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-M>
|
|
and
|
|
.CO +
|
|
commands may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
line oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the current line plus
|
|
.LI count .
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-P>
|
|
.IP "[count] <control-P>"
|
|
.KY k
|
|
.Ip "[count] k"
|
|
Move the cursor up
|
|
.LI count
|
|
lines, without changing the current column.
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the beginning of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-P>
|
|
and
|
|
.CO k
|
|
commands may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
line oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the current line minus count.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
The most attractive cursor position.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-T>
|
|
.IP "<control-T>"
|
|
Return to the most recent tag context.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-T>
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the context of the previous tag command.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the context of the previous tag command.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-U>
|
|
.IP "<control-U>"
|
|
Scroll backward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
lines.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is not specified, scroll backward the number of lines specified by the
|
|
last
|
|
.CO <control-D>
|
|
or
|
|
.CO <control-U>
|
|
command.
|
|
If this is the first
|
|
.CO <control-D>
|
|
or
|
|
.CO <control-U>
|
|
command,
|
|
scroll backward half the number of lines in the screen.
|
|
(In the case of split screens, the default scrolling distance is
|
|
corrected to half the current screen size.)
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the beginning of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-U>
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the current line minus the amount scrolled.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-W>
|
|
.IP "<control-W>"
|
|
Switch to the next lower screen in the window, or, to the first
|
|
screen if there are no lower screens in the window.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the previous cursor position in the window.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the previous cursor position in the window.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-Y>
|
|
.IP "<control-Y>"
|
|
Scroll backward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
lines, leaving the current line and column as is, if possible.
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the beginning of the file.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged unless the current line scrolls off the screen,
|
|
in which case it is set to the last line of text displayed
|
|
on the screen.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged unless the current line scrolls off the screen,
|
|
in which case it is the most attractive cursor position.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-Z>
|
|
.IP "<control-Z>"
|
|
Suspend the current editor session.
|
|
If the file has been modified since it was last completely written,
|
|
and the
|
|
.OP autowrite
|
|
option is set, the file is written before the editor session is
|
|
suspended.
|
|
If this write fails, the editor session is not suspended.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP autowrite
|
|
option.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <escape>
|
|
.IP "<escape>"
|
|
Execute
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
commands or cancel partial commands.
|
|
If an
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command is being entered (e.g.
|
|
.CO / ,
|
|
.CO ? ,
|
|
.CO :
|
|
or
|
|
.CO ! ),
|
|
the command is executed.
|
|
If a partial command has been entered, e.g.
|
|
.QL "[0-9]*" ,
|
|
or
|
|
.QL "[0-9]*[!<>cdy]" ,
|
|
the command is cancelled.
|
|
Otherwise, it is an error.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
When an
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command is being executed, the current line is set as described for
|
|
that command.
|
|
Otherwise, unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
When an
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command is being executed, the current column is set as described for
|
|
that command.
|
|
Otherwise, unchanged.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-]>
|
|
.IP "<control-]>"
|
|
Push a tag reference onto the tag stack.
|
|
The tags files (see the
|
|
.OP tags
|
|
option for more information) are searched for a tag matching the
|
|
current word.
|
|
The current word begins at the first non-whitespace character on or
|
|
after the current cursor position,
|
|
and extends up to the next non-word character or the end of the line.
|
|
If a matching tag is found, the current file is discarded and the
|
|
file containing the tag reference is edited.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If the current file has been modified since it was last completely
|
|
written, the command will fail.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <control-]>
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the matching tag string.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the start of the matching tag string.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP tags
|
|
and
|
|
.OP taglength
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <control-^>
|
|
.IP "<control-^>"
|
|
Switch to the most recently edited file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If the file has been modified since it was last completely written,
|
|
and the
|
|
.OP autowrite
|
|
option is set, the file is written out.
|
|
If this write fails, the command will fail.
|
|
Otherwise, if the current file has been modified since it was last
|
|
completely written, the command will fail.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line the cursor was on when the file was last edited.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the column the cursor was on when the file was last edited.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP autowrite
|
|
option.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <space>
|
|
.IP "[count] <space>"
|
|
.KY l
|
|
.Ip "[count] l"
|
|
Move the cursor forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
characters without changing the current line.
|
|
This is an error if the cursor is on the last character in the line.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO <space>
|
|
and
|
|
.CO \&l
|
|
commands may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
In addition, these commands may be used as the motion components
|
|
of other commands when the cursor is on the last character in the
|
|
line, without error.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the current character plus the next
|
|
.LI count
|
|
characters, or to the last character on the line if
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is greater than the number of characters in the line after the
|
|
current character.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY !
|
|
.IP "[count] ! motion shell-argument(s)"
|
|
Replace text with results from a shell command.
|
|
Pass the lines specified by the
|
|
.LI count
|
|
and
|
|
.LI motion
|
|
arguments as standard input to the program named by the
|
|
.OP shell
|
|
option, and replace those lines with the output (both
|
|
standard error and standard output) of that command.
|
|
.sp
|
|
After the motion is entered,
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
prompts for arguments to the shell command.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Within those arguments,
|
|
.QT %
|
|
and
|
|
.QT #
|
|
characters are expanded to the current and alternate pathnames,
|
|
respectively.
|
|
The
|
|
.QT !
|
|
character is expanded with the command text of the previous
|
|
.CO !
|
|
or
|
|
.CO :!
|
|
commands.
|
|
(Therefore, the command
|
|
.CO !!
|
|
repeats the previous
|
|
.CO !
|
|
command.)
|
|
The special meanings of
|
|
.QT % ,
|
|
.QT #
|
|
and
|
|
.QT !
|
|
can be overridden by escaping them with a backslash.
|
|
If no
|
|
.CO !
|
|
or
|
|
.CO :!
|
|
command has yet been executed, it is an error to use an unescaped
|
|
.QT !
|
|
character.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO !
|
|
command does
|
|
.i not
|
|
do shell expansion on the strings provided as arguments.
|
|
If any of the above expansions change the arguments the user entered,
|
|
the command is redisplayed at the bottom of the screen.
|
|
.sp
|
|
.CO Vi
|
|
then executes the program named by the
|
|
.OP shell
|
|
option, with a
|
|
.b \-c
|
|
flag followed by the arguments (which are bundled into a single argument).
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO !
|
|
command is permitted in an empty file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If the file has been modified since it was last completely written,
|
|
the
|
|
.CO !
|
|
command will warn you.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
The first line of the replaced text.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
The first column of the replaced text.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP shell
|
|
option.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY #
|
|
.IP "[count] # +|-|#"
|
|
Increment or decrement the current number.
|
|
The current number begins at the first non-number character on or
|
|
before the current cursor position, or the beginning of the line,
|
|
and extends up to the first non-number character on or after the
|
|
current cursor position or the end of the line.
|
|
If the trailing character is a
|
|
.LI \&+ ,
|
|
the number is incremented by
|
|
.LI count .
|
|
If the trailing character is a
|
|
.LI \&- ,
|
|
the number is decremented by
|
|
.LI count .
|
|
If the trailing character is a
|
|
.LI \&# ,
|
|
the previous increment or decrement is repeated.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The format of the number (decimal, hexadecimal, and octal,
|
|
and leading 0's) is retained unless the new value cannot be
|
|
represented in the previous format.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first character in the cursor word.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY $
|
|
.IP "[count] $"
|
|
Move the cursor to the end of a line.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, the cursor moves down
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
lines.
|
|
.sp
|
|
It is not an error to use the
|
|
.CO $
|
|
command when the cursor is on the last character in the line or
|
|
when the line is empty.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO $
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented, unless the cursor is at, or before the first
|
|
nonblank character in the line, in which case it is line oriented.
|
|
It is not an error to use the
|
|
.CO $
|
|
command as a motion component when the cursor is on the last character
|
|
in the line, although it is an error when the line is empty.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the current line plus
|
|
.LI count
|
|
minus 1.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY %
|
|
.IP %
|
|
Move to the matching character.
|
|
The cursor moves to the parenthesis or curly brace which
|
|
.i matches
|
|
the parenthesis or curly brace found at the current cursor position
|
|
or which is the closest one to the right of the cursor on the line.
|
|
It is an error to execute the
|
|
.CO %
|
|
command on a line without a parenthesis or curly brace.
|
|
Historically, any
|
|
.LI count
|
|
specified to the
|
|
.CO %
|
|
command was ignored.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO %
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO %
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented, unless the starting point of the region is at
|
|
or before the first nonblank character on its line, and the ending
|
|
point is at or after the last nonblank character on its line, in
|
|
which case it is line oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the matching character.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the matching character.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY &
|
|
.IP "&"
|
|
Repeat the previous substitution command on the current line.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Historically, any
|
|
.LI count
|
|
specified to the
|
|
.CO &
|
|
command was ignored.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged if the cursor was on the last character in the line,
|
|
otherwise, set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP edcompatible ,
|
|
.OP extended ,
|
|
.OP ignorecase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP magic
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY SQUOTE<character>
|
|
.IP \'<character>
|
|
.KY `<character>
|
|
.Ip `<character>
|
|
Return to a context marked by the character
|
|
.LI <character> .
|
|
If
|
|
.LI <character>
|
|
is the
|
|
.QT '
|
|
or
|
|
.QT `
|
|
character, return to the previous context.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI <character>
|
|
is any other character,
|
|
return to the context marked by that character (see the
|
|
.CO m
|
|
command for more information).
|
|
If the command is the
|
|
.CO \'
|
|
command, only the line value is restored,
|
|
and the cursor is placed on the first nonblank character of that line.
|
|
If the command is the
|
|
.CO `
|
|
command, both the line and column values are restored.
|
|
.sp
|
|
It is an error if the context no longer exists because of
|
|
line deletion.
|
|
(Contexts follow lines that are moved, or which are deleted
|
|
and then restored.)
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO \'
|
|
and
|
|
.CO `
|
|
commands are both absolute movements.
|
|
They may be used as a motion component for other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands.
|
|
For the
|
|
.CO \'
|
|
command, any text copied into a buffer is line oriented.
|
|
For the
|
|
.CO `
|
|
command, any text copied into a buffer is character oriented, unless
|
|
it both starts and stops at the first character in the line, in which
|
|
case it is line oriented.
|
|
In addition, when using the
|
|
.CO `
|
|
command as a motion component,
|
|
commands which move backward and started at the first character in the
|
|
line, or move forward and ended at the first character in the line,
|
|
are corrected to the last character of the starting and ending lines,
|
|
respectively.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line from the context.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line, for the
|
|
.CO \'
|
|
command, and set to the context's column for the
|
|
.CO `
|
|
command.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY (
|
|
.IP "[count] ("
|
|
Back up
|
|
.LI count
|
|
sentences.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO (
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO (
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented, unless the starting and stopping points of the
|
|
region are the first character in the line, in which case it is
|
|
line oriented.
|
|
In the latter case, the stopping point of the region is adjusted
|
|
to be the end of the line immediately before it, and not the original
|
|
cursor position.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the beginning of the sentence.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the sentence.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY )
|
|
.IP "[count] )"
|
|
Move forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
sentences.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO )
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO )
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented, unless the starting point of the region is the
|
|
first character in the line, in which case it is line oriented.
|
|
In the latter case, if the stopping point of the region is also
|
|
the first character in the line, it is adjusted to be the end of the
|
|
line immediately before it.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the beginning of the sentence.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the sentence.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY ,
|
|
.IP "[count] ,"
|
|
Reverse find character
|
|
.LI count
|
|
times.
|
|
Reverse the last
|
|
.CO F ,
|
|
.CO f ,
|
|
.CO T
|
|
or
|
|
.CO t
|
|
command, searching the other way in the line,
|
|
.LI count
|
|
times.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO ,
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the searched-for character.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY MINUSSIGN
|
|
.IP "[count] \-"
|
|
Move to first nonblank of the previous line,
|
|
.LI count
|
|
times.
|
|
.sp
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the beginning of the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO -
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
line oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the current line minus
|
|
.LI count .
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY \&.
|
|
.IP "[count] \&."
|
|
Repeat the last
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
command that modified text.
|
|
The repeated command may be a command and motion component combination.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, it replaces
|
|
.i both
|
|
the count specified for the repeated command, and, if applicable, for
|
|
the repeated motion component.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is not specified, the counts originally specified to the command being
|
|
repeated are used again.
|
|
.sp
|
|
As a special case, if the
|
|
.CO \.
|
|
command is executed immediately after the
|
|
.CO u
|
|
command, the change log is rolled forward or backward, depending on
|
|
the action of the
|
|
.CO u
|
|
command.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set as described for the repeated command.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set as described for the repeated command.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY /RE/
|
|
.IP "/RE<carriage-return>"
|
|
.Ip "/RE/ [offset]<carriage-return>"
|
|
.KY ?RE?
|
|
.Ip "?RE<carriage-return>"
|
|
.Ip "?RE? [offset]<carriage-return>"
|
|
.KY N
|
|
.Ip "N"
|
|
.KY n
|
|
.Ip "n"
|
|
Search forward or backward for a regular expression.
|
|
The commands beginning with a slash
|
|
.PQ /
|
|
character are forward searches, the commands beginning with a
|
|
question mark
|
|
.PQ ?
|
|
are backward searches.
|
|
.CO Vi
|
|
prompts with the leading character on the last line of the screen
|
|
for a string.
|
|
It then searches forward or backward in the file for the next
|
|
occurrence of the string, which is interpreted as a Basic Regular
|
|
Expression.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO /
|
|
and
|
|
.CO ?
|
|
commands are absolute movements.
|
|
They may be used as the motion components of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented, unless the search started and ended on
|
|
the first column of a line, in which case it is line oriented.
|
|
In addition, forward searches ending at the first character of a line,
|
|
and backward searches beginning at the first character in the line,
|
|
are corrected to begin or end at the last character of the previous line.
|
|
(Note, forward and backward searches can occur for both
|
|
.CO /
|
|
and
|
|
.CO ?
|
|
commands, if the
|
|
.OP wrapscan
|
|
option is set.)
|
|
.sp
|
|
If an offset from the matched line is specified (i.e. a trailing
|
|
.QT /
|
|
or
|
|
.QT ?
|
|
character is followed by a signed offset), the buffer will always
|
|
be line oriented (e.g.
|
|
.QT /string/+0
|
|
will always guarantee a line orientation).
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO n
|
|
command repeats the previous search.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO N
|
|
command repeats the previous search, but in the reverse direction.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Missing RE's (e.g.
|
|
.QT //<carriage-return> ,
|
|
.QT /<carriage-return> ,
|
|
.QT ??<carriage-return> ,
|
|
or
|
|
.QT ?<carriage-return>
|
|
search for the last search RE, in the indicated direction.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Searches may be interrupted using the
|
|
.LI <interrupt>
|
|
character.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line in which the match occurred.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first character of the matched string.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP edcompatible ,
|
|
.OP extended ,
|
|
.OP ignorecase ,
|
|
.OP magic ,
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapscan
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY 0
|
|
.IP "0"
|
|
Move to the first character in the current line.
|
|
It is not an error to use the
|
|
.CO 0
|
|
command when the cursor is on the first character in the line,
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO 0
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case it is an error if the cursor is on the
|
|
first character in the line.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY :
|
|
.IP ":"
|
|
Execute an ex command.
|
|
.CO Vi
|
|
prompts for an
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command on the last line of the screen, using a colon
|
|
.PQ :
|
|
character.
|
|
The command is terminated by a
|
|
.LI <carriage-return> ,
|
|
.LI <newline>
|
|
or
|
|
.LI <escape>
|
|
character; all of these characters may be escaped by using a
|
|
.LI "<literal next>"
|
|
character.
|
|
The command is then executed.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If the
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command writes to the screen,
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
will prompt the user for a
|
|
.LI <carriage-return>
|
|
before continuing
|
|
when the
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command finishes.
|
|
Large amounts of output from the
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command will be paged for the user, and the user prompted for a
|
|
.LI <carriage-return>
|
|
or
|
|
.LI <space>
|
|
key to continue.
|
|
In some cases, a quit (normally a
|
|
.QQ q
|
|
character) or
|
|
.LI <interrupt>
|
|
may be entered to interrupt the
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command.
|
|
.sp
|
|
When the
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command finishes, and the user is prompted to resume visual mode,
|
|
it is also possible to enter another
|
|
.QT :
|
|
character followed by another
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
The current line is set as described for the
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
The current column is set as described for the
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY ;
|
|
.IP "[count] ;"
|
|
Repeat the last character find
|
|
.LI count
|
|
times.
|
|
The last character find is one of the
|
|
.CO F ,
|
|
.CO f ,
|
|
.CO T
|
|
or
|
|
.CO t
|
|
commands.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO ;
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the searched-for character.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <
|
|
.IP "[count] < motion"
|
|
.KY >
|
|
.Ip "[count] > motion"
|
|
Shift lines left or right.
|
|
Shift the number of lines in the region specified by the motion component,
|
|
times
|
|
.LI count ,
|
|
left (for the
|
|
.CO <
|
|
command) or right (for the
|
|
.CO >
|
|
command) by the number of columns specified by the
|
|
.OP shiftwidth
|
|
option.
|
|
Only whitespace characters are deleted when shifting left;
|
|
once the first character in the line contains a nonblank character,
|
|
the
|
|
.CO shift
|
|
will succeed, but the line will not be modified.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP shiftwidth
|
|
option.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY @
|
|
.IP "@ buffer"
|
|
Execute a named buffer.
|
|
Execute the named buffer as
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands.
|
|
The buffer may include
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
commands, too, but they must be expressed as a
|
|
.CO :
|
|
command.
|
|
If the buffer is line oriented,
|
|
.LI <newline>
|
|
characters are logically appended to each line of the buffer.
|
|
If the buffer is character oriented,
|
|
.LI <newline>
|
|
characters are logically appended to all but the last line in the buffer.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If the buffer name is
|
|
.QT @ ,
|
|
or
|
|
.QT * ,
|
|
then the last buffer executed shall be used.
|
|
It is an error to specify
|
|
.QT @@
|
|
or
|
|
.QT **
|
|
if there were no buffer previous executions.
|
|
The text of a macro may contain an
|
|
.CO @
|
|
command,
|
|
and it is possible to create infinite loops in this manner.
|
|
(The
|
|
.LI <interrupt>
|
|
character may be used to interrupt the loop.)
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
The current line is set as described for the command(s).
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
The current column is set as described for the command(s).
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY A
|
|
.IP "[count] A"
|
|
Enter input mode, appending the text after the end of the line.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, the text is repeatedly input
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
more times after input mode is exited.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP altwerase ,
|
|
.OP autoindent ,
|
|
.OP beautify ,
|
|
.OP showmatch ,
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapmargin
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY B
|
|
.IP "[count] B"
|
|
Move backward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
bigwords.
|
|
Move the cursor backward to the beginning of a bigword by repeating the
|
|
following algorithm: if the current position is at the beginning of a
|
|
bigword or the character at the current position cannot be part of a bigword,
|
|
move to the first character of the preceding bigword.
|
|
Otherwise, move to the first character of the bigword at the current position.
|
|
If no preceding bigword exists on the current line, move to the first
|
|
character of the last bigword on the first preceding line that contains a
|
|
bigword.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO B
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the word selected.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first character of the word selected.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY C
|
|
.IP "[buffer] [count] C"
|
|
Change text from the current position to the end-of-line.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, the input text replaces from the current position to
|
|
the end-of-line, plus
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
subsequent lines.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP altwerase ,
|
|
.OP autoindent ,
|
|
.OP beautify ,
|
|
.OP showmatch ,
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapmargin
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY D
|
|
.IP "[buffer] D"
|
|
Delete text from the current position to the end-of-line.
|
|
.sp
|
|
It is not an error to execute the
|
|
.CO D
|
|
command on an empty line.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the character before the current character, or, column 1 if
|
|
the cursor was on column 1.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY E
|
|
.IP "[count] E"
|
|
Move forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
end-of-bigwords.
|
|
Move the cursor forward to the end of a bigword by repeating the
|
|
following algorithm: if the current position is the end of a
|
|
bigword or the character at that position cannot be part of a bigword,
|
|
move to the last character of the following bigword.
|
|
Otherwise, move to the last character of the bigword at the current
|
|
position.
|
|
If no succeeding bigword exists on the current line,
|
|
move to the last character of the first bigword on the next following
|
|
line that contains a bigword.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO E
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the word selected.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character of the word selected.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY F
|
|
.IP "[count] F <character>"
|
|
Search
|
|
.LI count
|
|
times backward through the current line for
|
|
.LI <character> .
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO F
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the searched-for character.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY G
|
|
.IP "[count] G"
|
|
Move to line
|
|
.LI count ,
|
|
or the last line of the file if
|
|
.LI count
|
|
not specified.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO G
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO \&G
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
line oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to
|
|
.LI count ,
|
|
if specified, otherwise, the last line.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY H
|
|
.IP "[count] H"
|
|
Move to the screen line
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
lines below the top of the screen.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO H
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO H
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
line oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
lines below the top of the screen.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the
|
|
.i screen
|
|
line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY I
|
|
.IP "[count] I"
|
|
Enter input mode, inserting the text at the beginning of the line.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, the text input is repeatedly input
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
more times.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY J
|
|
.IP "[count] J"
|
|
Join lines.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified,
|
|
.LI count
|
|
lines are joined; a minimum of two lines are always joined,
|
|
regardless of the value of
|
|
.LI count .
|
|
.sp
|
|
If the current line ends with a whitespace character, all whitespace
|
|
is stripped from the next line.
|
|
Otherwise, if the next line starts with a open parenthesis
|
|
.PQ (
|
|
do nothing.
|
|
Otherwise, if the current line ends with a question mark
|
|
.PQ ? ,
|
|
period
|
|
.PQ \&.
|
|
or exclamation point
|
|
.PQ ! ,
|
|
insert two spaces.
|
|
Otherwise, insert a single space.
|
|
.sp
|
|
It is not an error to join lines past the end of the file,
|
|
i.e. lines that do not exist.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the character after the last character of the next-to-last
|
|
joined line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY L
|
|
.IP "[count] L"
|
|
Move to the screen line
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
lines above the bottom of the screen.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO L
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO L
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
line oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
lines above the bottom of the screen.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the
|
|
.i screen
|
|
line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY M
|
|
.IP " M"
|
|
Move to the screen line in the middle of the screen.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO M
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO M
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
line oriented.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Historically, any
|
|
.LI count
|
|
specified to the
|
|
.CO M
|
|
command was ignored.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line in the middle of the screen.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the
|
|
.i screen
|
|
line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY O
|
|
.IP "[count] O"
|
|
Enter input mode, appending text in a new line above the current line.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, the text input is repeatedly input
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
more times.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Historically, any
|
|
.LI count
|
|
specified to the
|
|
.CO O
|
|
command was ignored.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP altwerase ,
|
|
.OP autoindent ,
|
|
.OP beautify ,
|
|
.OP showmatch ,
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapmargin
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY P
|
|
.IP "[buffer] P"
|
|
Insert text from a buffer.
|
|
Text from the buffer (the unnamed buffer by default) is inserted
|
|
before the current column or, if the buffer is line oriented,
|
|
before the current line.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the lowest numbered line insert,
|
|
if the buffer is line oriented, otherwise unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the appended text,
|
|
if the buffer is line oriented, otherwise, the last character
|
|
of the appended text.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY Q
|
|
.IP "Q"
|
|
Exit
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
(or visual) mode and switch to
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
mode.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
No longer relevant.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY R
|
|
.IP "[count] R"
|
|
Enter input mode, replacing the characters in the current line.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, the text input is repeatedly input
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
more times.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If the end of the current line is reached, no more characters are
|
|
replaced and any further characters input are appended to the line.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP altwerase ,
|
|
.OP autoindent ,
|
|
.OP beautify ,
|
|
.OP showmatch ,
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapmargin
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY S
|
|
.IP "[buffer] [count] S"
|
|
Substitute
|
|
.LI count
|
|
lines.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP altwerase ,
|
|
.OP autoindent ,
|
|
.OP beautify ,
|
|
.OP showmatch ,
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapmargin
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY T
|
|
.IP "[count] T <character>"
|
|
Search backward,
|
|
.LI count
|
|
times,
|
|
through the current line for the character
|
|
.i after
|
|
the specified
|
|
.LI <character> .
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO T
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the character
|
|
.i after
|
|
the searched-for character.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY U
|
|
.IP "U"
|
|
Restore the current line to its state before the cursor last
|
|
moved to it.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
The first character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY W
|
|
.IP "[count] W"
|
|
Move forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
bigwords.
|
|
Move the cursor forward to the beginning of a bigword by repeating the
|
|
following algorithm: if the current position is within a bigword or the
|
|
character at that position cannot be part of a bigword, move to the first
|
|
character of the next bigword.
|
|
If no subsequent bigword exists on the current line,
|
|
move to the first character of the first bigword on the first following
|
|
line that contains a bigword.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO W
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
The line containing the word selected.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
The first character of the word selected.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY X
|
|
.IP "[buffer] [count] X"
|
|
Delete
|
|
.LI count
|
|
characters before the cursor.
|
|
If the number of characters to be deleted is greater than or equal to
|
|
the number of characters to the beginning of the line, all of the
|
|
characters before the current cursor position, to the beginning of the
|
|
line, are deleted.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the current character minus
|
|
.LI count ,
|
|
or the first character if count is greater than the number of
|
|
characters in the line before the cursor.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY Y
|
|
.IP "[buffer] [count] Y"
|
|
Copy (or
|
|
.QQ yank )
|
|
.LI count
|
|
lines into the specified buffer.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY ZZ
|
|
.IP "ZZ"
|
|
Write the file and exit
|
|
.CO vi .
|
|
The file is only written if it has been modified since the last
|
|
complete write of the file to any file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO ZZ
|
|
command will exit the editor after writing the file,
|
|
if there are no further files to edit.
|
|
Entering two
|
|
.QQ quit
|
|
commands (i.e.
|
|
.CO wq ,
|
|
.CO quit ,
|
|
.CO xit
|
|
or
|
|
.CO ZZ )
|
|
in a row will override this check and the editor will exit,
|
|
ignoring any files that have not yet been edited.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY [[
|
|
.IP "[count] [["
|
|
Back up
|
|
.LI count
|
|
section boundaries.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO [[
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO [[
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented, unless the starting position is column 0,
|
|
in which case it is line oriented.
|
|
.sp
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the beginning of the file.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the previous line that is
|
|
.LI count
|
|
section boundaries back,
|
|
or the first line of the file if no more section boundaries exist
|
|
preceding the current line.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP sections
|
|
option.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY ]]
|
|
.IP "[count] ]]"
|
|
Move forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
section boundaries.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO ]]
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO ]]
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented, unless the starting position is column 0,
|
|
in which case it is line oriented.
|
|
.sp
|
|
This is an error if the movement is past the end of the file.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line that is
|
|
.LI count
|
|
section boundaries forward,
|
|
or to the last line of the file if no more section
|
|
boundaries exist following the current line.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP sections
|
|
option.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY ^
|
|
.IP "\&^"
|
|
Move to first nonblank character on the current line.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO ^
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the current line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY _
|
|
.IP "[count] _"
|
|
Move down
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
lines, to the first nonblank character.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO _
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
line oriented.
|
|
.sp
|
|
It is not an error to execute the
|
|
.CO _
|
|
command when the cursor is on the first character in the line.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
The current line plus
|
|
.LI "count - 1" .
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
The first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY a
|
|
.IP "[count] a"
|
|
Enter input mode, appending the text after the cursor.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, the text input is repeatedly input
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
more times.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP altwerase ,
|
|
.OP autoindent ,
|
|
.OP beautify ,
|
|
.OP showmatch ,
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapmargin
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY b
|
|
.IP "[count] b"
|
|
Move backward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
words.
|
|
Move the cursor backward to the beginning of a word by repeating the
|
|
following algorithm: if the current position is at the beginning of a word,
|
|
move to the first character of the preceding word.
|
|
Otherwise, the current position moves to the first character of the word
|
|
at the current position.
|
|
If no preceding word exists on the current line, move to the first
|
|
character of the last word on the first preceding line that contains
|
|
a word.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO b
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the word selected.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first character of the word selected.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY c
|
|
.IP "[buffer] [count] c motion"
|
|
Change a region of text.
|
|
If only part of a single line is affected, then the last character
|
|
being changed is marked with a
|
|
.QT $ .
|
|
Otherwise, the region of text is deleted, and input mode is entered.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, it is applied to the
|
|
.LI motion .
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP altwerase ,
|
|
.OP autoindent ,
|
|
.OP beautify ,
|
|
.OP showmatch ,
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapmargin
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY d
|
|
.IP "[buffer] [count] d motion"
|
|
Delete a region of text.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, it is applied to the
|
|
.LI motion .
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line where the region starts.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first character in the line after the last character in the
|
|
region.
|
|
If no such character exists, set to the last character before the region.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY e
|
|
.IP "[count] e"
|
|
Move forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
end-of-words.
|
|
Move the cursor forward to the end of a word by repeating the following
|
|
algorithm: if the current position is the end of a word,
|
|
move to the last character of the following word.
|
|
Otherwise, move to the last character of the word at the current position.
|
|
If no succeeding word exists on the current line, move to the last character
|
|
of the first word on the next following line that contains a word.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO e
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the word selected.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character of the word selected.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY f
|
|
.IP "[count] f <character>"
|
|
Search forward,
|
|
.LI count
|
|
times, through the rest of the current line for
|
|
.LI <character> .
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO f
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the searched-for character.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY i
|
|
.IP "[count] i"
|
|
Enter input mode, inserting the text before the cursor.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, the text input is repeatedly input
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
more times.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP altwerase ,
|
|
.OP autoindent ,
|
|
.OP beautify ,
|
|
.OP showmatch ,
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapmargin
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY m
|
|
.IP "m <character>"
|
|
Save the current context (line and column) as
|
|
.LI <character> .
|
|
The exact position is referred to by
|
|
.QT `<character> .
|
|
The line is referred to by
|
|
.QT '<character> .
|
|
.sp
|
|
Historically,
|
|
.LI <character>
|
|
was restricted to lower-case letters only,
|
|
.CO nvi
|
|
permits the use of any character.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY o
|
|
.IP "[count] o"
|
|
Enter input mode, appending text in a new line under the current line.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, the text input is repeatedly input
|
|
.LI "count - 1"
|
|
more times.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Historically, any
|
|
.LI count
|
|
specified to the
|
|
.CO o
|
|
command was ignored.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP altwerase ,
|
|
.OP autoindent ,
|
|
.OP beautify ,
|
|
.OP showmatch ,
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapmargin
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY p
|
|
.IP "[buffer] p"
|
|
Append text from a buffer.
|
|
Text from the buffer (the unnamed buffer by default) is appended
|
|
after the current column or, if the buffer is line oriented,
|
|
after the current line.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the first line appended, if the buffer is line oriented,
|
|
otherwise unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character of the appended text if the buffer
|
|
is line oriented, otherwise, the last character of the appended text.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY r
|
|
.IP "[count] r <character>"
|
|
Replace characters.
|
|
The next
|
|
.LI count
|
|
characters in the line are replaced with
|
|
.LI <character> .
|
|
Replacing characters with
|
|
.LI <newline>
|
|
characters results in creating new, empty lines into the file.
|
|
.sp
|
|
If
|
|
.LI <character>
|
|
is
|
|
.LI <escape> ,
|
|
the command is cancelled.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged unless the replacement character is a
|
|
.LI <newline> ,
|
|
in which case it is set to the current line plus
|
|
.LI "count - 1" .
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character replaced,
|
|
unless the replacement character is a
|
|
.LI <newline> ,
|
|
in which case the cursor is in column 1 of the last line inserted.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY s
|
|
.IP "[buffer] [count] s"
|
|
Substitute
|
|
.LI count
|
|
characters in the current line starting with the current character.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the last line upon which characters were entered.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the last character entered.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP altwerase ,
|
|
.OP autoindent ,
|
|
.OP beautify ,
|
|
.OP showmatch ,
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP wrapmargin
|
|
options.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY t
|
|
.IP "[count] t <character>"
|
|
Search forward,
|
|
.LI count
|
|
times, through the current line for the character immediately
|
|
.i before
|
|
.LI <character> .
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO t
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the character
|
|
.i before
|
|
the searched-for character.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY u
|
|
.IP "u"
|
|
Undo the last change made to the file.
|
|
If repeated, the
|
|
.CO u
|
|
command alternates between these two states, and is its own inverse.
|
|
When used after an insert that inserted text on more than one line,
|
|
the lines are saved in the numeric buffers.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO \&.
|
|
command, when used immediately after the
|
|
.CO u
|
|
command, causes the change log to be rolled forward or backward,
|
|
depending on the action of the
|
|
.CO u
|
|
command.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the position of the first line changed, if the reversal affects
|
|
only one line or represents an addition or change; otherwise, the line
|
|
preceding the deleted text.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the cursor position before the change was made.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY w
|
|
.IP "[count] w"
|
|
Move forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
words.
|
|
Move the cursor forward to the beginning of a word by repeating the
|
|
following algorithm: if the current position is at the
|
|
beginning of a word, move to the first character of the next word.
|
|
If no subsequent word exists on the current line, move to the first
|
|
character of the first word on the first following line that contains
|
|
a word.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO w
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the word selected.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first character of the word selected.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY x
|
|
.IP "[buffer] [count] x"
|
|
Delete
|
|
.LI count
|
|
characters.
|
|
The deletion is at the current character position.
|
|
If the number of characters to be deleted is greater than or equal to
|
|
the number of characters to the end of the line, all of the characters
|
|
from the current cursor position to the end of the line are deleted.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged unless the last character in the line is deleted and the cursor
|
|
is not already on the first character in the line, in which case it is
|
|
set to the previous character.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY y
|
|
.IP "[buffer] [count] y motion"
|
|
Copy (or
|
|
.QQ yank )
|
|
a text region specified by the
|
|
.LI count
|
|
and motion into a buffer.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count
|
|
is specified, it is applied to the
|
|
.LI motion .
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged, unless the region covers more than a single line,
|
|
in which case it is set to the line where the region starts.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Unchanged, unless the region covers more than a single line,
|
|
in which case it is set to the character were the region starts.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY z
|
|
.IP "[count1] z [count2] type"
|
|
Redraw the screen with a window
|
|
.LI count2
|
|
lines long, with line
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
placed as specified by the
|
|
.LI type
|
|
character.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
is not specified, it defaults to the current line.
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count2
|
|
is not specified, it defaults to the current window size.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The following
|
|
.LI type
|
|
characters may be used:
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP +
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
is specified, place the line
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
at the top of the screen.
|
|
Otherwise, display the screen after the current screen, similarly to the
|
|
.CO <control-F>
|
|
command.
|
|
.SP <carriage-return>
|
|
Place the line
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
at the top of the screen.
|
|
.SP \&.
|
|
Place the line
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
in the center of the screen.
|
|
.SP \-
|
|
Place the line
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
at the bottom of the screen.
|
|
.SP ^
|
|
If
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
is specified, place the line that is at the top of the screen
|
|
when
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
is at the bottom of the screen, at the bottom of the screen,
|
|
i.e. display the screen before the screen before
|
|
.LI count1 .
|
|
Otherwise, display the screen before the current screen, similarly to the
|
|
.CO <control-B>
|
|
command.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
unless
|
|
.LI count1
|
|
is not specified and the
|
|
.LI type
|
|
character was either
|
|
.QT ^
|
|
or
|
|
.QT + ,
|
|
in which case it is set to the line before the first line on the
|
|
previous screen or the line after the last line on the previous
|
|
screen, respectively.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY {
|
|
.IP "[count] {"
|
|
Move backward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
paragraphs.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO {
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO {
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented, unless the starting character is the first
|
|
character on its line, in which case it is line oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the beginning of the previous paragraph.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP paragraph
|
|
option.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY |
|
|
.IP "[count] |"
|
|
Move to a specific
|
|
.i column
|
|
position on the current line.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO |
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented.
|
|
It is an error to use the
|
|
.CO |
|
|
command as a motion component and for the cursor not to move.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Unchanged.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the character occupying the column position identified by
|
|
.LI count ,
|
|
if the position exists in the line.
|
|
If the column length of the current line is less than
|
|
.LI count ,
|
|
the cursor is moved to the last character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY }
|
|
.IP "[count] }"
|
|
Move forward
|
|
.LI count
|
|
paragraphs.
|
|
.sp
|
|
The
|
|
.CO }
|
|
command is an absolute movement.
|
|
The
|
|
.CO }
|
|
command may be used as the motion component of other
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands, in which case any text copied into a buffer is
|
|
character oriented, unless the starting character is at or
|
|
before any nonblank characters in its line,
|
|
in which case it is line oriented.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line containing the beginning of the next paragraph.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the first nonblank character in the line.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP paragraph
|
|
option.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY ~
|
|
.IP "[count] ~"
|
|
Reverse the case of the next
|
|
.LI count
|
|
character(s).
|
|
This is the historic semantic for the
|
|
.CO ~
|
|
command and it is only in effect if the
|
|
.OP tildeop
|
|
option is not set.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Lowercase alphabetic characters are changed to uppercase,
|
|
and uppercase characters are changed to lowercase.
|
|
No other characters are affected.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Historically, the
|
|
.CO ~
|
|
command did not take an associated count, nor did it move past the
|
|
end of the current line.
|
|
As it had no associated motion it was difficult to change the case
|
|
of large blocks of text.
|
|
In
|
|
.CO nvi ,
|
|
if the cursor is on the last character of a line, and there are
|
|
more lines in the file, the cursor moves to the next line.
|
|
.sp
|
|
It is not an error to specify a count larger than the number of
|
|
characters between the cursor and the end of the file.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line of the character after
|
|
.LI count
|
|
characters, or, end of file.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the character after
|
|
.LI count
|
|
characters, or, end-of-file.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP tildeop
|
|
option.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY ~
|
|
.IP "[count] ~ motion"
|
|
Reverse the case of the characters in a text region specified by the
|
|
.LI count
|
|
and
|
|
.LI motion .
|
|
Only in effect if the
|
|
.OP tildeop
|
|
option is set.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Lowercase characters are changed to uppercase,
|
|
and uppercase characters are changed to lowercase.
|
|
No other characters are affected.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Set to the line of the character after the last character in the region.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Set to the character after the last character in the region.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
Affected by the
|
|
.OP tildeop
|
|
option.
|
|
.SE
|
|
.KY <interrupt>
|
|
.IP "<interrupt>"
|
|
Interrupt the current operation.
|
|
Many of the potentially long-running
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
commands may be interrupted using the terminal interrupt character.
|
|
These operations include searches, file reading and writing, filter
|
|
operations and map character expansion.
|
|
Interrupts are also enabled when running commands outside of
|
|
.CO vi .
|
|
.sp
|
|
If the
|
|
.LI <interrupt>
|
|
character is used to interrupt while entering an
|
|
.CO ex
|
|
command, the command is aborted, the cursor returns to its previous
|
|
position, and
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
remains in command mode.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Generally, if the
|
|
.LI <interrupt>
|
|
character is used to interrupt any
|
|
operation, any changes made before the interrupt are left in place.
|
|
.SS
|
|
.SP Line:
|
|
Dependent on the operation being interrupted.
|
|
.SP Column:
|
|
Dependent on the operation being interrupted.
|
|
.SP Options:
|
|
None.
|
|
.SH 1 "Vi Text Input Commands"
|
|
.pp
|
|
The following section describes the commands available in the text
|
|
input mode of the
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
editor.
|
|
.pp
|
|
Historically,
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
implementations only permitted the characters inserted on the current
|
|
line to be erased.
|
|
In addition, only the
|
|
.LI <control-D>
|
|
erase character and the
|
|
.QT 0<control-D>
|
|
and
|
|
.QT ^<control-D>
|
|
erase strings could erase autoindent characters.
|
|
This implementation permits erasure to continue past the beginning
|
|
of the current line, and back to where text input mode was entered.
|
|
In addition, autoindent characters may be erased using the standard
|
|
erase characters.
|
|
For the line and word erase characters, reaching the autoindent
|
|
characters forms a
|
|
.QQ soft
|
|
boundary, denoting the end of the current word or line erase.
|
|
Repeating the word or line erase key will erase the autoindent characters.
|
|
.pp
|
|
Historically,
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
always used
|
|
.LI <control-H>
|
|
and
|
|
.LI <control-W>
|
|
as character and word erase characters, respectively, regardless of
|
|
the current terminal settings.
|
|
This implementation accepts, in addition to these two characters,
|
|
the current terminal characters for those operations.
|
|
.KY <nul>
|
|
.IP "<nul>"
|
|
If the first character of the input is a
|
|
.LI <nul> ,
|
|
the previous input is replayed, as if just entered.
|
|
.KY <control-D>
|
|
.IP "<control-D>"
|
|
If the previous character on the line was an autoindent character,
|
|
erase it.
|
|
Otherwise, if the user is entering the first character in the line,
|
|
.LI <control-D>
|
|
is ignored.
|
|
Otherwise, a literal
|
|
.LI <control-D>
|
|
character is entered.
|
|
.KY ^<control-D>
|
|
.IP "^<control-D>"
|
|
If the previous character on the line was an autoindent character,
|
|
erase all of the autoindent characters on the line.
|
|
In addition, the autoindent level is reset to 0.
|
|
.KY 0<control-D>
|
|
.IP "0<control-D>"
|
|
If the previous character on the line was an autoindent character,
|
|
erase all of the autoindent characters on the line.
|
|
.KY <control-T>
|
|
.IP "<control-T>"
|
|
Insert sufficient
|
|
.LI <tab>
|
|
and
|
|
.LI <space>
|
|
characters to move the cursor forward to a column immediately
|
|
after the next column which is an even multiple of the
|
|
.OP shiftwidth
|
|
option.
|
|
.sp
|
|
Historically,
|
|
.CO vi
|
|
did not permit the
|
|
.LI <control-T>
|
|
command to be used unless the cursor was at the first column of a new
|
|
line or it was preceded only by autoindent characters.
|
|
.CO Nvi
|
|
permits it to be used at any time during insert mode.
|
|
.KY <erase>
|
|
.IP <erase>
|
|
.KY <control-H>
|
|
.Ip <control-H>
|
|
Erase the last character.
|
|
.KY "<literal next>"
|
|
.IP "<literal next>"
|
|
Quote the next character.
|
|
The next character will not be mapped (see the
|
|
.CO map
|
|
command for more information)
|
|
or interpreted specially.
|
|
A carat
|
|
.PQ ^
|
|
character will be displayed immediately as a placeholder,
|
|
but will be replaced by the next character.
|
|
.KY <escape>
|
|
.IP <escape>
|
|
Resolve all text input into the file, and return to command mode.
|
|
.KY "<line erase>"
|
|
.IP "<line erase>"
|
|
Erase the current line.
|
|
.KY "<control-W>"
|
|
.IP "<control-W>"
|
|
.KY "<word erase>"
|
|
.Ip "<word erase>"
|
|
Erase the last word.
|
|
The definition of word is dependent on the
|
|
.OP altwerase
|
|
and
|
|
.OP ttywerase
|
|
options.
|
|
.KY "<control-X>"
|
|
.IP "<control-X>[0-9A-Fa-f]*"
|
|
Insert a character with the specified hexadecimal value into the text.
|
|
.KY <interrupt>
|
|
.IP "<interrupt>"
|
|
Interrupt text input mode, returning to command mode.
|
|
If the
|
|
.LI <interrupt>
|
|
character is used to interrupt inserting text into the file,
|
|
it is as if the
|
|
.LI <escape>
|
|
character was used; all text input up to the interruption is
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resolved into the file.
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