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176 lines
4.7 KiB
Groff
176 lines
4.7 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1997 Joerg Wunsch
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.\"
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.\" All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE DEVELOPERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
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.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
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.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE DEVELOPERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
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.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
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.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
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.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\" "
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.Dd February 2, 1997
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.Os
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.Dt UIO 9
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm uio ,
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.Nm uiomove
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.Nd device driver IO routines
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Fd #include <sys/types.h>
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.Fd #include <sys/cdefs.h>
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.Fd #include <sys/uio.h>
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.Pp
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.Bd -literal
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struct uio {
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struct iovec *uio_iov;
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int uio_iovcnt;
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off_t uio_offset;
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int uio_resid;
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enum uio_seg uio_segflg;
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enum uio_rw uio_rw;
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struct proc *uio_procp;
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};
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.Ed
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.Ft int
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.Fn uiomove "caddr_t buf" "int howmuch" "struct uio *uiop"
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The function
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.Fn uiomove
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is used to handle transfer of data between buffers and IO vectors
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that might possibly also cross the user/kernel space boundary.
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.Pp
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As a result of any
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.Xr read 2 ,
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.Xr write 2 ,
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.Xr readv 2 ,
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or
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.Xr writev 2
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system call that is being passed to a character-device driver, the
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appropriate driver
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.Em read
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or
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.Em write
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entry will be called with a pointer to a
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.Fa "struct uio"
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being passed. The transfer request is encoded in this structure.
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The driver itself should use
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.Fn uiomove
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to get at the data in this structure.
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.Pp
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The fields in the uio structure are:
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.Bl -tag -width "uio_iovcntXXXX" -compact
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.It Dv uio_iov
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The array of IO vectors to be processed. In the case of scatter/gather
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IO, this will be more than one vector.
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.It Dv uio_iovcnt
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The number of IO vectors present.
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.It Dv uio_offset
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The offset into the device.
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.It Dv uio_resid
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The number of bytes to process.
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.It Dv uio_segflg
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One of the following flags:
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.Bl -tag -width "UIO_USERISPACEX" -compact
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.It Dv UIO_USERSPACE
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The IO vector points into a process's address space.
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.It Dv UIO_SYSSPACE
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The IO vector points into the kernel address space.
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.It Dv UIO_USERISPACE
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The IO vector points into the instruction area of a process's address
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space.
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.It Dv UIO_NOCOPY
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Don't copy, already in object.
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.El
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.It Dv uio_rw uio_rw
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The direction of the desired transfer, either
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.Dv UIO_READ ,
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or
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.Dv UIO_WRITE .
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.It Dv uio_procp
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The pointer to a
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.Li struct proc
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for the associated process; used if
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.Dv uio_segflg
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indicates that the transfer is to be made from/to a process's address
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space.
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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The idea is that the driver maintains a private buffer for its data,
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and processes the request in chunks of maximal the size of this
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buffer. Note that the buffer handling below is very simplified and
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won't work (the buffer pointer is not being advanced in case of a
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partial read), it's just here to demonstrate the uio handling.
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.Bd -literal
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/* MIN() can be found there: */
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#include <sys/param.h>
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#define BUFSIZE 512
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static char buffer[BUFSIZE];
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static int data_available; /* amount of data that can be read */
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static int
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fooread(dev_t dev, struct uio *uio, int flag)
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{
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int rv, amnt;
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while (uio->uio_resid > 0) {
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if (data_available > 0) {
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amnt = MIN(uio->uio_resid, data_available);
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if ((rv = uiomove((caddr_t)buffer, amnt, uio))
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!= 0)
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goto error;
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data_available -= amnt;
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} else {
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tsleep(...); /* wait for a better time */
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}
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}
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return 0;
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error:
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/* do error cleanup here */
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return rv;
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}
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.Ed
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.Sh RETURN VALUES
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.Fn uiomove
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can return
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.Er EFAULT
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from the invoked
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.Xr copyin 9
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or
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.Xr copyout 9
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in case the transfer was to/from a process's address space.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr read 2 ,
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.Xr readv 2 ,
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.Xr write 2 ,
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.Xr writev 2 ,
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.Xr copyin 9 ,
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.Xr copyout 9 ,
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.Xr sleep 9
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.Sh HISTORY
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The uio mechanism appeared in some early version of
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.Ux .
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.Sh AUTHORS
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This man page has been written by
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.ie t J\(:org Wunsch.
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.el Joerg Wunsch.
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