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711 lines
14 KiB
Groff
711 lines
14 KiB
Groff
.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1996
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.\" Berkeley Software Design, Inc. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by Berkeley Software
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.\" Design, Inc.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Berkeley Software Design, Inc. ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Berkeley Software Design, Inc. BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" BSDI doscmd.1,v 2.3 1996/04/08 19:32:29 bostic Exp
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.\"
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.Dd January 30, 1995
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.Dt DOSCMD 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm doscmd
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.Nd run a subset of real-mode DOS programs
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm doscmd
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.Fl 23AbDEfHIMOPRrtVvxz
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.Fl c Ar file
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.Fl d Ar file
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.Fl i Ar port Ns Xo
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.Op : Ns Ar cnt
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.Xc
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.Fl o Ar port Ns Xo
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.Op : Ns Ar cnt
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.Xc
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.Fl S Ar int
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.Fl U Ar int
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.Op Ar cmd [args ...]
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm Doscmd
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can either emulate a subset of DOS and run the
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single command
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.Ar cmd
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.Ar args ,
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or it can be used to emulate a PC and boot DOS,
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which allows it to run a larger variety of DOS applications.
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It should be noted that MS DOS 6.2 and higher appear
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to cause difficulties for
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.Nm doscmd.
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To boot DOS, either provide the
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.Fl b
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flag or omit the
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.Ar cmd
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argument.
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If
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.Fl b
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is specified,
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.Ar cmd
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and
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.Ar args
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are ignored.
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.Pp
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Although
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.Nm doscmd
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only provides a subset of DOS, it is sufficient to run a variety of
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programs, including, but not limited to, compilers, assemblers and
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linker-loaders.
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.Pp
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The various flags available to
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.Nm doscmd
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are:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Fl 2
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Enable debugging traces of every trap to the
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.Nm doscmd
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emulator from the DOS program.
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Note that some traps are handled in the kernel and hence will not
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be traced.
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.It Fl 3
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Enable debugging of several lower level functions, such
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as changing of interrupt vectors and initializing paths to logical drives.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl A
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Enable tracing of all interrupts that pass into the emulator.
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This is the same as using the
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.Fl S
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option will all 256 possible interrupt values.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl b
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Attempt to boot DOS rather than emulate it.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl c Ar file
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Capture all output directed at the screen into
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.Ar file .
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Note that direct screen writes will not be captured.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl C
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List MS-DOS calls emulated and their return values.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl D
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Enable debugging of the disk and file operations.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl d Ar file
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Send the debug output to
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.Ar file
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instead of stderr.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl E
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Enable debugging of the exec routines.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl f
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Use
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.Xr fork 2
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for spawned processes rather than running them in the
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current memory space.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl H
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Enable tracing of half implemented calls.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl I
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Enable tracing of all interrupts. Almost the same as
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.Fl A
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except a few less traces are turned on.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl i Ar port Ns Xo
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.Op : Ns Ar cnt
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.Xc
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Enable tracing of all inputs requested from the io
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.Ar port .
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If
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.Ar cnt
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is present, trace from
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.Ar port
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to
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.Ar port+cnt Ns No -1 .
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl M
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Enable debugging of the memory operations.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl O
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Direct the debugging output to stdout rather than stderr.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl o Ar port Ns Xo
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.Op : Ns Ar cnt
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.Xc
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Enable tracing of all outputs requested from the io
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.Ar port .
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If
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.Ar cnt
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is present, trace from
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.Ar port
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to
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.Ar port+cnt Ns No -1 .
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl P
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Enable tracing of io port calls (such as
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.Li inb ,
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.Li outb ,
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etc).
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl R
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Enable debugging of the file redirect code.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl r
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Use the raw keyboard and display. Pressing <CTRL-ALT-DEL> will
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cause doscmd to exit. This allows use of VGA graphics.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl S Ar int
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Enable tracing of the interrupt
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.Ar int .
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl t
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Attempt to do instruction level tracing.
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Some instructions confuse the trace.
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Pressing
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.Li <CTRL-ALT-T>
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attempts to toggle the trace mode on and off.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl U Ar int
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Disable tracing of the interrupt
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.Ar int .
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Useful after
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.Fl A
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or
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.Fl I .
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl V
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Include register dumps when reporting unknown interrupts.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl v
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Same as
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.Fl AH
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl X
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Enable debugging of the XMS operations.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl x
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Open an X11 window to display output. This enables a
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variety interrupts not available otherwise. This
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can be used with or without
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.Fl b .
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Fl z
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Cause
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.Nm doscmd
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to pause just prior to jumping to the DOS program.
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Very little use except for developing
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.Nm doscmd .
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.El
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.Pp
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When starting up,
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.Nm doscmd
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attempts to read a configuration file. First the file
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.Cm .doscmdrc
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in the current directory. If not found there, the
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.Cm $HOME
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directory is searched. If still not found, the file
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.Cm /etc/doscmdrc
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is used.
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.Pp
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In the configuration file, a comment is started with the \fB#\fP character.
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Blank lines are ignored.
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Non empty lines either are environment variables
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or commands which configure devices.
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Any line which has an \fB=\fP before any white space is considered to be
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an environment variable assignment and is added to the DOS environment.
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The rest of the lines are one the of the following
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.Bl -tag -width XXXXX
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Cm boot Op Cm A: | C:
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Set the device to boot from.
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By default
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.Cm A:
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is first tried, it if is defined, and if that fails,
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.Cm C:
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is tried.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Cm assign Xo
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.Op Cm A-Z :
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.Op Fl ro
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.Ar path
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.Xc
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Assigns the
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.Nm BSD/OS
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directory
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.Ar path
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to be assigned as the specified drive. If the
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.Fl ro
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flag is specified, it is a read only file system.
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These assignments will not take place when booting DOS until the
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.Pa /usr/dos/instbsdi.exe
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binary is run.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Cm assign Xo
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.Cm lpt Ns Op Cm 0-4 :
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.Op Cm direct
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.Ar path
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.Op Ar timeout
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.Xc
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Attempt to assign the specified printer to
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.Ar path .
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If
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.Ar timeout
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is specified then use it as the length of time for no
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activity (in seconds) to indicate that the printer
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should be flushed. The default is 30 seconds.
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The
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.Cm direct
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option should be set when
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.Ar path
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refers to a real printer.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Cm assign Xo
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.Op Cm A: | B:
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.Op Fl ro
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.Ar path
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.Ar density
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.Xc
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.It Cm assign Xo
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.Cm flop Ns Op Cm 01
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.Op Fl ro
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.Ar path
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.Ar density
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.Xc
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Assign the file
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.Ar path
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to be used as either the next available floppy or
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to the specified floppy.
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If
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.Fl ro
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is specified the floppy will be read only.
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The
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.Ar density
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may be one of:
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.sp
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.Bl -tag -compact -width 1440x
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.It 180
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9 head 40 track single sided floppy
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.It 360
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9 head 40 track double sided floppy
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.It 720
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9 head 80 track double sided floppy
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.It 1200
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15 head 80 track double sided floppy
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.It 1440
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18 head 80 track double sided floppy
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.It 2880
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36 head 80 track double sided floppy
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.El
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Cm assign Xo
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.Op Cm C-Z :
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.Op Fl ro
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.Ar path
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.Op Ar type | cyl head sec
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.Op Ar fdisk_tab
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.Xc
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.It Cm assign Xo
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.Cm hard Ns Op Cm 01
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.Op Fl ro
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.Ar path
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.Op Ar type | cyl head sec
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.Op Ar fdisk_tab
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.Xc
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Assign the file
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.Ar path
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to be used as either the next available hard disk or
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to the specified hard disk.
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A disk's geometry can either be directly specified with
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.Ar cyl
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being the number of cylinders,
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.Ar head
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the number of heads and
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.Ar sec
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the number of sectors per track,
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or it can be one of the standard types specified by
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.Ar type
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(see below).
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The option
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.Ar fdisk_tab
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argument specifies file to use as the first sector
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of this disk. This can be useful for inserting a
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false fdisk table when
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.Ar path
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only refers to part of a disk.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Cm assign Xo
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.Cm com Ns Op Cm 1-4 :
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.Ar path
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.Ar port
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.Ar irq
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.Xc
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Assign the tty or pty specified by
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.Ar path
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to be used as the specified com port.
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It's base address will emulated at
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.Ar port
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at interrupt specified by
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.Ar irq .
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This code is lightly tested and may not suit all needs.
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.\"
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.\"
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.\"
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.It Cm "setver command version"
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Cause doscmd, when emulating DOS, to report
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.Cm version
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as the version number of DOS when called from the program named
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.Cm command .
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The format of
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.Cm version
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is the same as of the
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.Cm MS_VERSION
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variable described below.
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.El
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.Pp
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If not already assigned,
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.Cm C:
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will be assigned to the root directory (/) and the current directory
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for
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.Cm C:
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will be set the the actual current directory.
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Note that this means that invocations such as:
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.sp
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doscmd ../foo
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.sp
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will not work as the
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.Cm C:
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directory will start with the current path.
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Also, the following environment variables will be defined if not
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already defined:
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.nf
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.Cm "COMSPEC=C:\eCOMMAND.COM
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.Cm "PATH=C:\e
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.Cm "PROMPT=DOS>
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.fi
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The
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.Cm PATH
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variable is also used to find
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.Ar cmd .
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Like DOS, first
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.Ar cmd.com
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will be looked for and then
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.Ar cmd.exe .
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.Sh "CONFIGURATION VARIABLES"
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.Pp
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There are several variables in the
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.Cm .doscmdrc
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file which are internal to doscmd and do not actually get inserted into
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the DOS environment. These are:
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.Bl -tag -width MS_VERSION
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.It Cm MS_VERSION
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The value of this variable is used to determine the version of DOS that
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should be reported by
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.Nm doscmd .
|
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Note that
|
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.Nm doscmd
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will not change the way
|
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it works, just the way it reports. By default this value is
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.Cm 410 ,
|
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which corresponds to
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.Nm "MS DOS
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version
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.Nm 4.1 .
|
|
To change it to version 3.2 (the default in previous versions of
|
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.Nm doscmd )
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use the value of
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.Cm 320 .
|
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.El
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.Sh FILE TRANSLATION
|
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.Nm Doscmd
|
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translates
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.Nm BSD/OS
|
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file names into
|
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.Nm DOS
|
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file names by converting to all upper case and eliminating any invalid
|
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character. It does not make any attempt to convert ASCII files into
|
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the
|
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.Cm <CR><LF>
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format favored in the DOS world. Use the program
|
|
.Xr bsd2dos 1
|
|
to convert ASCII files.
|
|
.bp
|
|
.Sh DISK TYPES
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|
.TS H
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expand, box;
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r | r | r | r | r.
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Type Cylinders Heads Sectors Size
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=
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01 306 4 17 10MB
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02 615 4 17 20MB
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03 615 6 17 30MB
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04 940 8 17 62MB
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05 940 6 17 46MB
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_
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06 615 4 17 20MB
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07 462 8 17 30MB
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08 733 5 17 30MB
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09 900 15 17 112MB
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10 820 3 17 20MB
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_
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11 855 5 17 35MB
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12 855 7 17 49MB
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13 306 8 17 20MB
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14 733 7 17 42MB
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15 976 15 17 121MB
|
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_
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16 612 4 17 20MB
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17 977 5 17 40MB
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18 977 7 17 56MB
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19 1024 7 17 59MB
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20 733 5 17 30MB
|
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_
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21 733 7 17 42MB
|
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22 733 5 17 30MB
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23 306 4 17 10MB
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24 925 7 17 53MB
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25 925 9 17 69MB
|
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_
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26 754 7 17 43MB
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27 754 11 17 68MB
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28 699 7 17 40MB
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29 823 10 17 68MB
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30 918 7 17 53MB
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_
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31 1024 11 17 93MB
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32 1024 15 17 127MB
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33 1024 5 17 42MB
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34 612 2 17 10MB
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35 1024 9 17 76MB
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_
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36 1024 8 17 68MB
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37 615 8 17 40MB
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38 987 3 17 24MB
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39 987 7 17 57MB
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40 820 6 17 40MB
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_
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41 977 5 17 40MB
|
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42 981 5 17 40MB
|
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43 830 7 17 48MB
|
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44 830 10 17 68MB
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45 917 15 17 114MB
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_
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46 1224 15 17 152MB
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.TE
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.bp
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.Sh INSTALLING DOS ON A PSEUDO DISK
|
|
.Pp
|
|
To install DOS on a pseudo hard disk under doscmd, do the following:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width XXXX
|
|
.It 1
|
|
Create a
|
|
.Pa .doscmdrc
|
|
with at least the following:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
assign A: /dev/rfd0_1440_3.5 1440
|
|
assign A: /dev/rfd0_720_3.5 720
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|
assign hard boot_drive 80 2 2
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You may need to adjust the raw files for the A: drive to match
|
|
your system. This example will cause the HD drive to be tried
|
|
first and the DD drive second.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Note that you should only use raw devices or files at this point,
|
|
do not use a cooked device! (Well, it would probably be okay
|
|
for a hard disk, but certainly not the floppy)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Li boot_drive
|
|
should be the file name of where you want your bootable
|
|
image to be. The three numbers which follow
|
|
.Li 80 2 2
|
|
say that the drive will have 80 cylinders, 2 heads and 2 sectors per track.
|
|
This is the smallest drive possible which still can have MS DOS
|
|
5.0 installed on it along with a
|
|
.Pa config.sys
|
|
and
|
|
.Pa autoexec.bat
|
|
file.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
You might want to create a larger boot drive.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The file
|
|
.Pa boot_drive
|
|
must exist, so use the command touch to create it.
|
|
.It 2
|
|
Insert a floppy disk into the A: drive which is bootable to MS-DOS
|
|
and has the commands fdisk, format and sys on it. You should also
|
|
copy the file instbsdi.exe onto the floppy by either mounting it
|
|
with the msdos file system type or by using mtools
|
|
(e.g.,
|
|
.Li mwrite instbsdi.exe a: ).
|
|
.It 3
|
|
run doscmd.
|
|
.It 4
|
|
At the > prompt type
|
|
.Li fdisk .
|
|
.It 5
|
|
Select
|
|
.Li Create DOS partition or Logical Drive .
|
|
.It 6
|
|
Select
|
|
.Li Create Primary DOS Partition .
|
|
.It 7
|
|
Tell it how big to make it
|
|
(Typically the whole drive. It is pretty tiny after all.)
|
|
.It 8
|
|
Get out of FDISK by hitting
|
|
.Li <ESC>
|
|
a few times.
|
|
.It 9
|
|
doscmd may abort, if it does, start up doscmd again.
|
|
.It 10
|
|
At the > prompt, type
|
|
.Li format c:
|
|
and follow the instructions.
|
|
.It 11
|
|
At the > prompt type
|
|
.Li sys c: .
|
|
.It 12
|
|
Get out of doscmd.
|
|
.It 13
|
|
Either remove the floppy from the drive or add the line
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
boot C:
|
|
.Ed
|
|
to your
|
|
.Pa .doscmdrc .
|
|
.It 14
|
|
You should now be running DOS off of your new disk. You will
|
|
probably want both config.sys and an autoexec.bat file. To
|
|
start with, you can say:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
> copy con: config.sys
|
|
LASTDRIVE=Z
|
|
^Z
|
|
> copy con: autoexec.bat
|
|
@echo off
|
|
instbsdi.exe
|
|
^Z
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.It 15
|
|
Quit doscmd.
|
|
.It 16
|
|
You know have a bootable pseudo disk which will automatically call
|
|
the magic
|
|
.Li instbsdi
|
|
program, which installs BSD/OS disks. To use
|
|
them add lines to your .doscmdrc such as:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
assign D: /usr/dos
|
|
assign P: -ro /usr/prb
|
|
.Ed
|
|
Not that you will not always be able to access every file due to
|
|
naming problems.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Nm doscmd
|
|
encounters an interrupt which is unimplemented, it will print a message
|
|
such as:
|
|
.sp
|
|
Unknown interrupt 21 function 99
|
|
.sp
|
|
and exit.
|
|
.Sh AUTHOR
|
|
Pace Willisson
|
|
.br
|
|
Paul Borman
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm doscmd
|
|
program first appeared in BSD/386.
|