mirror of
https://git.hardenedbsd.org/hardenedbsd/HardenedBSD.git
synced 2024-12-21 16:32:25 +01:00
323 lines
8.8 KiB
Groff
323 lines
8.8 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
|
|
.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|
.\" are met:
|
|
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|
.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|
.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
|
|
.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
|
|
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|
.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|
.\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
.\"
|
|
.\" @(#)boot_vax.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
|
|
.\"
|
|
.Dd April 19, 1994
|
|
.Dt BOOT 8 vax
|
|
.Os
|
|
.Sh NAME
|
|
.Nm boot
|
|
.Nd
|
|
system bootstrapping procedures
|
|
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
|
.Sy Power fail and crash recovery.
|
|
Normally, the system will reboot itself at power-up or after crashes.
|
|
Provided the auto-restart is enabled on the machine front panel,
|
|
an automatic consistency check of the file systems will be performed,
|
|
and unless this fails, the system will resume multi-user operations.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Sy Cold starts.
|
|
These are processor-type dependent.
|
|
On an 11/780, there are two floppy files for each disk controller,
|
|
both of which cause boots from unit 0 of the root file system
|
|
of a controller located on mba0 or uba0.
|
|
One gives a single user shell, while the other invokes the multi-user
|
|
automatic reboot.
|
|
Thus these files are
|
|
.Tn HPS
|
|
and
|
|
.Tn HPM
|
|
for the single
|
|
and multi-user boot from
|
|
.Tn MASSBUS
|
|
RP06/RM03/RM05 disks,
|
|
.Tn UPS
|
|
and
|
|
.Tn UPM
|
|
for
|
|
.Tn UNIBUS
|
|
storage module controller and disks
|
|
such as the
|
|
.Tn EMULEX
|
|
SC-21
|
|
and
|
|
.Tn AMPEX
|
|
9300 pair,
|
|
.Tn RAS
|
|
and
|
|
.Tn RAM
|
|
to boot from
|
|
.Tn MSCP
|
|
controllers and disks such as the RA81,
|
|
or
|
|
.Tn HKS
|
|
and
|
|
.Tn HKM
|
|
for RK07 disks.
|
|
There is also a script for booting from the default device,
|
|
which is normally a copy of one of the standard multi-user boot scripts,
|
|
but which may be modified to perform other actions
|
|
or to boot from a different unit.
|
|
The situation on the 8600 is similar, with scripts loaded from the console RL02.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Giving the command
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl >>>BOOT HPM
|
|
.Pp
|
|
would boot the system from (e.g.) an RP06 and run the automatic consistency
|
|
check as described in
|
|
.Xr fsck 8 .
|
|
(Note that it may
|
|
be necessary to type control-P
|
|
and halt the processor
|
|
to gain the attention of the
|
|
.Tn LSI-11
|
|
before getting the >>> prompt.)
|
|
The command
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl >>>BOOT ANY
|
|
.Pp
|
|
invokes a version of the boot program in a way which allows you to
|
|
specify any system as the system to be booted.
|
|
It reads from the console a device specification (see below) followed
|
|
immediately by a pathname.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The scripts may be modified for local configuration if necessary.
|
|
The flags are placed in register 11 (as defined in
|
|
.Aq Pa sys/reboot.h ) .
|
|
The boot device is specified in register 10.
|
|
The encoding of this register is also defined in
|
|
.Aq Pa sys/reboot.h .
|
|
The current encoding has a historical basis, and is shown in the following
|
|
table:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bd -unfilled -offset indent -compact
|
|
bits usage
|
|
0-7 boot device type (the device major number)
|
|
8-15 disk partition
|
|
16-19 drive unit
|
|
20-23 controller number
|
|
24-27 adaptor number (UNIBUS or MASSBUS as appropriate)
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The adaptor number corresponds to the normal configuration on the 11/750,
|
|
and to the order in which adaptors are found on the 11/780 and 8600
|
|
(generally the same as the numbers used by
|
|
.Tn UNIX ) .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
On an 11/750, the reset button will boot from the device
|
|
selected by the front panel boot device switch. In systems
|
|
with RK07's, position B normally selects the RK07 for boot.
|
|
This will boot multi-user. To boot from RK07 with boot flags you
|
|
may specify
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bd -unfilled -offset indent -compact
|
|
.Li \&>>>B/ Ns Fl n No DMA0
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
where, giving a
|
|
.Ar n
|
|
of 1 causes the boot program
|
|
to ask for the name of the system to be bootstrapped,
|
|
giving a
|
|
.Ar n
|
|
of 2 causes the boot program to come up single
|
|
user, and a
|
|
.Ar n
|
|
of 3 causes both of these actions to occur.
|
|
The ``DM'' specifies RK07, the ``A'' represents the adaptor number
|
|
.Pf ( Tn UNIBUS
|
|
or
|
|
.Tn MASSBUS ) ,
|
|
and the ``0'' is the drive unit number.
|
|
Other disk types which may be used are DB
|
|
.Pq Tn MASSBUS ,
|
|
DD (TU58),
|
|
and DU
|
|
.Pf ( Tn UDA-50/RA
|
|
disk).
|
|
A non-zero disk partition can be used by adding (partition times 1000 hex)
|
|
to
|
|
.Ar n .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The boot procedure on the Micro
|
|
.Tn VAX
|
|
II
|
|
is similar.
|
|
A switch on the back panel sets the power-up action
|
|
to autoboot or to halt.
|
|
When halted, the processor may be booted using the same syntax
|
|
as on the 11/750.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The 11/750 boot procedure uses the boot roms to load block 0 off of
|
|
the specified device. The /usr/mdec directory contains a number
|
|
of bootstrap programs for the various disks which should be placed
|
|
in a new pack by
|
|
.Xr disklabel 8 .
|
|
Similarly, the Micro
|
|
.Tn VAX
|
|
II boot procedure loads a boot parameter block
|
|
from block 0 of the disk.
|
|
The
|
|
.Xr rdboot
|
|
.Dq bootstrap
|
|
contains the correct parameters for an
|
|
.Tn MSCP
|
|
disk such
|
|
as the RD53.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
On any processor, the
|
|
.Em boot
|
|
program
|
|
finds the corresponding file on the given device
|
|
.Pf ( Pa kernel
|
|
by default), loads that file
|
|
into memory location zero, and starts the program at the entry address
|
|
specified in the program header (after clearing off the high bit
|
|
of the specified entry address).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The file specifications used with
|
|
.Dq BOOT ANY
|
|
or
|
|
.Dq \&B/3
|
|
are of the form:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl device(adaptor,controller,unit,minor)
|
|
.Pp
|
|
where
|
|
.Ar device
|
|
is the type of the device to be searched,
|
|
.Ar adaptor
|
|
is the
|
|
.Tn UNIBUS
|
|
or
|
|
.Tn MASSBUS
|
|
number of the adaptor to which the device is attached,
|
|
.Ar controller
|
|
is the unit number of the controller or
|
|
.Tn MASSBUS
|
|
tape formatter on that adaptor,
|
|
.Ar unit
|
|
is the unit number of the disk or transport slave unit of the tape,
|
|
and
|
|
.Ar minor
|
|
is the disk partition or tape file number.
|
|
Leading adaptor or controller numbers default to 0.
|
|
Normal line editing characters can be used when typing the file specification.
|
|
The following list of supported devices may vary from installation to
|
|
installation:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bd -unfilled -offset indent -compact
|
|
hp MASSBUS disk drive
|
|
up UNIBUS storage module drive
|
|
ht TE16,TU45,TU77 on MASSBUS
|
|
kra storage module on a KDB50
|
|
mt TU78 on MASSBUS
|
|
hk RK07 on UNIBUS
|
|
ra storage module on a MSCP-compatible UNIBUS controller
|
|
rb storage module on a 730 IDC
|
|
rl RL02 on UNIBUS
|
|
tm TM11 emulation tape drives on UNIBUS
|
|
tms TMSCP-compatible tape
|
|
ts TS11 on UNIBUS
|
|
ut UNIBUS TU45 emulator
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For example,
|
|
to boot from a file system which starts at cylinder 0
|
|
of unit 0 of a
|
|
.Tn MASSBUS
|
|
disk, type
|
|
.Ql hp(0,0)kernel
|
|
to the boot prompt;
|
|
.Ql hp(2,0,1,0)kernel
|
|
would specify drive 1 on
|
|
.Tn MASSBUS
|
|
adaptor 2;
|
|
.Ql up(0,0)kernel
|
|
would specify a
|
|
.Tn UNIBUS
|
|
drive,
|
|
.Ql hk(0,0)kernel
|
|
would specify
|
|
an RK07 disk drive,
|
|
.Ql ra(1,0,0,0)kernel
|
|
would specify a
|
|
.Tn UDA50
|
|
disk drive on a second
|
|
.Tn UNIBUS ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql rb(0,0)kernel
|
|
would specify a
|
|
disk on a 730
|
|
.Tn IDC .
|
|
For tapes, the minor device number gives a file offset;
|
|
.Ql mt(1,2,3,4)
|
|
would specify the fifth file on slave 3 of the formatter
|
|
at
|
|
.Ql drive
|
|
2 on mba 1.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
On an 11/750 with patchable control store,
|
|
microcode patches will be installed by
|
|
.Em boot
|
|
if the file
|
|
.Pa psc750.bin
|
|
exists in the root of the filesystem from which the system is booted.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
In an emergency, the bootstrap methods described in the paper
|
|
.%T Installing and Operating 4.3bsd
|
|
can be used to boot from a distribution tape.
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/xxboot -compact
|
|
.It Pa /kernel
|
|
system code
|
|
.It Pa /boot
|
|
system bootstrap
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/xxboot
|
|
sector-0 boot block for 750, xx is disk type
|
|
.It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx
|
|
second-stage boot for 750, xx is disk type
|
|
.It Pa /pcs750.bin
|
|
microcode patch file on 750
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr arff 8 ,
|
|
.Xr halt 8 ,
|
|
.Xr reboot 8 ,
|
|
.Xr shutdown 8
|
|
.Sh HISTORY
|
|
The
|
|
.Nm
|
|
command appeared in
|
|
.Bx 4.0 .
|