HardenedBSD/share/man/man7/hier.7

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.\"	@(#)hier.7	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
.\"	$Id$
.\"
.Dd June 5, 1993
.Dt HIER 7
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm hier
.Nd layout of filesystems
.Sh DESCRIPTION
A sketch of the filesystem hierarchy.
.Bl -tag -width "/stand/"
.It Li /
root directory of the filesystem
.It Li /bin/
user utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments
.It Li /dev/
block and character device files
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width MAKEDEV -compact
.It Li MAKEDEV
script for creating device files;
see
.Xr MAKEDEV 8
.It Li fd/ 
file descriptor files;
see
.Xr \&fd 4
.El
.It Li /etc/
system configuration files and scripts 
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "disklabels/" -compact
.It Li localtime
local timezone information;
see
.Xr ctime 3
.It Li disklabels/
backup disklabels;
see
.Xr disklabel 8
.It Li kerberosIV/ 
configuration files for the kerberos version IV;
see
.Xr kerberos 1
.It Li mtree/ 
mtree configuration files;
see
.Xr mtree 8
.It Li namedb/ 
named configuration files;
see
.Xr named 8
.El
.It Li /mnt/
empty directory commonly used by
system administrators as a temporary mount point
.It Li /sbin/
system programs and administration utilities
fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments
.It Li /stand/
programs used in a standalone environment
.It Li /tmp/ 
temporary files, usually a
.Xr mfs 8
memory-based filesystem (the contents
of /tmp are usually NOT preserved across a system reboot)
.It Li /usr/
contains the majority of user utilities and applications 
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact
.It Li bin/
common utilities, programming tools, and applications 
.It Li games/
useful and semi-frivolous programs
.It Li include/
standard C include files
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "kerberosIV/" -compact
.It Li arpa/
C include files for Internet service protocols
.It Li kerberosIV/
C include files for kerberos authentication package;
see
.Xr kerberos 1
.It Li machine/
machine specific C include files
.It Li net/
misc network C include files
.\" .It Li netimp/
.\" C include files for IMP protocols;
.\" see
.\" .Xr imp 4
.It Li netinet/
C include files for Internet standard protocols;
see
.Xr inet 4
.\" .It Li netiso/
.\" C include files for ISO standard protocols;
.\" see
.\" .Xr iso 4
.\" .It Li netns/
.\" C include files for XNS standard protocols;
.\" see
.\" .Xr \&ns 4
.It Li nfs/
C include files for NFS (Network File System)
.It Li pascal/
include files for pc 1
.It Li protocols/
C include files for Berkeley service protocols
.It Li sys/
system C include files (kernel data structures)
.It Li ufs/
C include files for UFS (The U-word File System)
.El
.Pp
.It Li lib/
archive libraries
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li uucp/
UUCP configuration files (historically placed; to be moved)
.El
.It Li libdata/
misc. utility data files
.It Li libexec/
system daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs)
.It Li local/
local executables, libraries, etc.
.br
Also used as the default destination for the FreeBSD ports framework.
Within local/, the general layout sketched out by
.Xr hier 7
should be used.  Exceptions are the man directory is directly under local/
rather than under local/share/.  Ports documentation is in share/doc/<port>/
.It Li X11R6/
X11R6 distribution executables, libraries, etc.
.It Li ports
The FreeBSD ports collection (optional).
.It Li obj/
architecture-specific target tree produced by building the /usr/src tree
.It Li old/
programs from past lives of BSD which may disappear in future
releases
.It Li sbin/
system daemons & system utilities (executed by users)
.It Li share/
architecture-independent ascii text files
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact
.It Li calendar/
a variety of pre-fab calendar files;
see
.Xr calendar 1
.It Li dict/
word lists;
see
.Xr look 1
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li words
common words
.It Li web2
words from Webster's 2nd International
.It Li papers/
reference databases;
see
.Xr refer 1
.It Li special/
custom word lists;
see
.Xr spell 1
.El
.Pp
.It Li doc/
misc documentation;
src for most of the printed
.Bx BSD
manuals (available
from the
.Tn USENIX
association)
.It Li games/
ascii text files used by various games
.It Li man/
manual pages 
.It Li me/
macros for use with the me macro package
.It Li misc/
misc system-wide ascii text files
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li termcap
terminal characteristics database;
see
.Xr termcap 5
.El
.It Li mk/
templates for make;
see
.Xr make 1
.It Li ms/
macros for use with the ms macro package
.It Li skel/
example . (dot) files for new accounts
.It Li tabset/
tab description files for a variety of terminals; used in 
the termcap file;
see
.Xr termcap 5
.It Li tmac/
text processing macros;
see
.Xr nroff 1
and 
.Xr troff 1
.It Li zoneinfo/
timezone configuration information;
see
.Xr tzfile 5
.El
.Pp
.It Li src/
BSD and/or local source files
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "kerberosIV/" -compact
.It Li bin/
src for files in /bin 
.It Li etc/
src for files in /etc
.It Li games/
src for files in /usr/games
.It Li include/
src for files in /usr/include
.It Li kerberosIV/
src for kerberos version IV
.It Li lib/
src for files in /usr/lib
.It Li libexec/
src for files in /usr/libexec
.It Li local/
src for files in /usr/local
.It Li old/
src for files in /usr/old
.It Li sbin/
src for files in /sbin
.It Li share/
src for files in /usr/share
.It Li sys/
kernel src files
.It Li usr.bin/
src for files in /usr/bin
.It Li usr.sbin/
src for files in /usr/sbin
.El
.El
.It Li /var/
multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact
.It Li account/ 
system accounting files
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li acct
execution accounting file;
see
.Xr acct 5
.El
.Pp
.It Li at/
timed command scheduling files;
see
.Xr \&at 1
.It Li backups/
misc. backup files
.It Li db/ 
misc. automatically generated system-specific database files
.It Li games/ 
misc. game status and log files
.It Li log/ 
misc. system log files
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li wtmp
login/logout log;
see
.Xr wtmp 5
.El
.Pp
.It Li mail/ 
user mailbox files
.It Li preserve/
temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death
of an editor;
see
.Xr \&ex 1 
.It Li quotas/ 
filesystem quota information files
.It Li run/
system information files describing various info about
system since it was booted
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li utmp
database of current users;
see
.Xr utmp 5
.El
.Pp
.It Li rwho/ 
rwho data files;
see
.Xr rwhod 8 ,
.Xr rwho 1 ,
and
.Xr ruptime 1
.It Li spool/ 
misc. printer and mail system spooling directories
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
.It Li ftp/ 
commonly ~ftp; the anonymous ftp root directory
.It Li mqueue/ 
undelivered mail queue;
see
.Xr sendmail 8
.It Li output/
line printer spooling directories
.It Li secretmail/ 
secretmail spool directory;
see
.Xr xget 1
.It Li uucp/ 
uucp spool directory
.It Li uucppublic/
commonly ~uucp; public uucp temporary directory
.El
.Pp
.It Li tmp/ 
temporary files that are kept between system reboots
.El
.It Li /kernel
pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory
at boot time).  
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr apropos 1 ,
.Xr find 1 ,
.Xr finger 1 ,
.Xr grep 1 ,
.Xr ls 1 ,
.Xr whatis 1 ,
.Xr whereis 1 ,
.Xr which 1 ,
.Xr fsck 8
.Sh HISTORY
A
.Nm hier
manual page appeared in
.At v7 .