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393 lines
8.9 KiB
Groff
393 lines
8.9 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
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.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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.\"
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.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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.\" are met:
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.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
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.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
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.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
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.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
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.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\" without specific prior written permission.
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.\"
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.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
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.\"
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.\" @(#)hier.7 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
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.\" $Id$
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.\"
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.Dd June 5, 1993
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.Dt HIER 7
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm hier
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.Nd layout of filesystems
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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A sketch of the filesystem hierarchy.
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.Bl -tag -width "/stand/"
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.It Li /
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root directory of the filesystem
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.It Li /bin/
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user utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments
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.It Li /dev/
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block and character device files
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width MAKEDEV -compact
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.It Li MAKEDEV
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script for creating device files;
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see
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.Xr MAKEDEV 8
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.It Li fd/
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file descriptor files;
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see
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.Xr \&fd 4
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.El
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.It Li /etc/
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system configuration files and scripts
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "disklabels/" -compact
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.It Li localtime
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local timezone information;
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see
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.Xr ctime 3
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.It Li disklabels/
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backup disklabels;
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see
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.Xr disklabel 8
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.It Li kerberosIV/
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configuration files for the kerberos version IV;
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see
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.Xr kerberos 1
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.It Li mtree/
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mtree configuration files;
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see
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.Xr mtree 8
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.It Li namedb/
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named configuration files;
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see
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.Xr named 8
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.El
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.It Li /mnt/
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empty directory commonly used by
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system administrators as a temporary mount point
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.It Li /sbin/
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system programs and administration utilities
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fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments
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.It Li /stand/
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programs used in a standalone environment
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.It Li /tmp/
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temporary files, usually a
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.Xr mfs 8
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memory-based filesystem (the contents
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of /tmp are usually NOT preserved across a system reboot)
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.It Li /usr/
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contains the majority of user utilities and applications
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact
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.It Li bin/
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common utilities, programming tools, and applications
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.It Li games/
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useful and semi-frivolous programs
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.It Li include/
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standard C include files
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "kerberosIV/" -compact
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.It Li arpa/
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C include files for Internet service protocols
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.It Li kerberosIV/
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C include files for kerberos authentication package;
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see
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.Xr kerberos 1
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.It Li machine/
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machine specific C include files
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.It Li net/
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misc network C include files
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.\" .It Li netimp/
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.\" C include files for IMP protocols;
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.\" see
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.\" .Xr imp 4
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.It Li netinet/
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C include files for Internet standard protocols;
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see
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.Xr inet 4
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.\" .It Li netiso/
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.\" C include files for ISO standard protocols;
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.\" see
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.\" .Xr iso 4
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.\" .It Li netns/
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.\" C include files for XNS standard protocols;
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.\" see
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.\" .Xr \&ns 4
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.It Li nfs/
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C include files for NFS (Network File System)
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.It Li pascal/
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include files for pc 1
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.It Li protocols/
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C include files for Berkeley service protocols
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.It Li sys/
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system C include files (kernel data structures)
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.It Li ufs/
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C include files for UFS (The U-word File System)
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.El
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.Pp
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.It Li lib/
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archive libraries
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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.It Li uucp/
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UUCP configuration files (historically placed; to be moved)
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.El
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.It Li libdata/
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misc. utility data files
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.It Li libexec/
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system daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs)
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.It Li local/
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local executables, libraries, etc.
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.br
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Also used as the default destination for the FreeBSD ports framework.
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Within local/, the general layout sketched out by
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.Xr hier 7
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should be used. Exceptions are the man directory is directly under local/
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rather than under local/share/. Ports documentation is in share/doc/<port>/
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.It Li X11R6/
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X11R6 distribution executables, libraries, etc.
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.It Li ports
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The FreeBSD ports collection (optional).
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.It Li obj/
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architecture-specific target tree produced by building the /usr/src tree
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.It Li old/
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programs from past lives of BSD which may disappear in future
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releases
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.It Li sbin/
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system daemons & system utilities (executed by users)
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.It Li share/
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architecture-independent ascii text files
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact
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.It Li calendar/
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a variety of pre-fab calendar files;
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see
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.Xr calendar 1
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.It Li dict/
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word lists;
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see
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.Xr look 1
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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.It Li words
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common words
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.It Li web2
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words from Webster's 2nd International
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.It Li papers/
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reference databases;
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see
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.Xr refer 1
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.It Li special/
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custom word lists;
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see
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.Xr spell 1
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.El
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.Pp
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.It Li doc/
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misc documentation;
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src for most of the printed
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.Bx BSD
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manuals (available
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from the
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.Tn USENIX
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association)
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.It Li games/
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ascii text files used by various games
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.It Li man/
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manual pages
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.It Li me/
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macros for use with the me macro package
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.It Li misc/
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misc system-wide ascii text files
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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.It Li termcap
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terminal characteristics database;
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see
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.Xr termcap 5
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.El
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.It Li mk/
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templates for make;
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see
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.Xr make 1
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.It Li ms/
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macros for use with the ms macro package
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.It Li skel/
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example . (dot) files for new accounts
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.It Li tabset/
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tab description files for a variety of terminals; used in
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the termcap file;
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see
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.Xr termcap 5
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.It Li tmac/
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text processing macros;
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see
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.Xr nroff 1
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and
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.Xr troff 1
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.It Li zoneinfo/
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timezone configuration information;
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see
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.Xr tzfile 5
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.El
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.Pp
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.It Li src/
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BSD and/or local source files
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "kerberosIV/" -compact
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.It Li bin/
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src for files in /bin
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.It Li etc/
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src for files in /etc
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.It Li games/
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src for files in /usr/games
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.It Li include/
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src for files in /usr/include
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.It Li kerberosIV/
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src for kerberos version IV
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.It Li lib/
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src for files in /usr/lib
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.It Li libexec/
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src for files in /usr/libexec
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.It Li local/
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src for files in /usr/local
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.It Li old/
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src for files in /usr/old
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.It Li sbin/
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src for files in /sbin
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.It Li share/
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src for files in /usr/share
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.It Li sys/
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kernel src files
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.It Li usr.bin/
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src for files in /usr/bin
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.It Li usr.sbin/
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src for files in /usr/sbin
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.El
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.El
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.It Li /var/
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multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact
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.It Li account/
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system accounting files
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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.It Li acct
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execution accounting file;
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see
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.Xr acct 5
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.El
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.Pp
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.It Li at/
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timed command scheduling files;
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see
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.Xr \&at 1
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.It Li backups/
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misc. backup files
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.It Li db/
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misc. automatically generated system-specific database files
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.It Li games/
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misc. game status and log files
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.It Li log/
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misc. system log files
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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.It Li wtmp
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login/logout log;
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see
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.Xr wtmp 5
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.El
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.Pp
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.It Li mail/
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user mailbox files
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.It Li preserve/
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temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death
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of an editor;
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see
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.Xr \&ex 1
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.It Li quotas/
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filesystem quota information files
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.It Li run/
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system information files describing various info about
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system since it was booted
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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.It Li utmp
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database of current users;
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see
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.Xr utmp 5
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.El
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.Pp
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.It Li rwho/
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rwho data files;
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see
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.Xr rwhod 8 ,
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.Xr rwho 1 ,
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and
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.Xr ruptime 1
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.It Li spool/
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misc. printer and mail system spooling directories
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
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.It Li ftp/
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commonly ~ftp; the anonymous ftp root directory
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.It Li mqueue/
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undelivered mail queue;
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see
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.Xr sendmail 8
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.It Li output/
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line printer spooling directories
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.It Li secretmail/
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secretmail spool directory;
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see
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.Xr xget 1
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.It Li uucp/
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uucp spool directory
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.It Li uucppublic/
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commonly ~uucp; public uucp temporary directory
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.El
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.Pp
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.It Li tmp/
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temporary files that are kept between system reboots
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.El
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.It Li /kernel
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pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory
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at boot time).
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.El
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr apropos 1 ,
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.Xr find 1 ,
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.Xr finger 1 ,
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.Xr grep 1 ,
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.Xr ls 1 ,
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.Xr whatis 1 ,
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.Xr whereis 1 ,
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.Xr which 1 ,
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.Xr fsck 8
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.Sh HISTORY
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A
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.Nm hier
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manual page appeared in
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.At v7 .
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